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<body> <div id="container"> <div id="header"> <from name="from1" id="from1" method="post" action=""> <input type="text" name="textfield" value="......" /> <input class=" button" type="submit" name="Submit" value="GO" /> </from> <h1> "psilocybe bohemica" stock</h1> <p> new mexico cow dung mushrooms</p> </div> <div id="tabs10"> <ul> <li><a href="/" title="Link 1"><span>Home</span></a></li> <li><a href="/ grow magic grow.html" title="Link 2"><span> Shrooms</span></a></li> <li><a href="/ are magic mushrooms legal in berlin.html" title="Link 3"><span> Archives</span></a></li> <li><a href="/ Gallery.html" title="Link 4"><span> psychedelic mushrooms Romania</span></a></li> <li><a href="/ smoking shrooms.html" title="Link 5"><span> psilocybe tampanensis</span></a></li> <li><a href="/ psylocibe mushrooms romania.html" title="Link 6"><span>term shrooms term shrooms</span></a></li> <li><a href="/verb1.html" title="Link 7"><span>verb1</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="container2"> <div id="content"> <h2> psilocybin|Psilocin romania</h2> <p>Existing evidence indicates that man in the Old World —Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia—has made less use of native plants and shrubs for their hallucinogenic properties than has man in the New World. There is little reason to believe that the vegetation of one half of the globe is poorer or richer in species with hallucinogenic properties than the other half. Why, then, should there be such disparity? Has man in the Old World simply not discovered many of the native hallucinogenic plants? Are some of them too toxic in other ways to be utilized? Or has man in the Old World been culturally less interested in narcotics? We have no real answer. But we do know that the Old World has fewer known species employed hallucinogenically than does the New World: compared with only 15 or 20 species used in the Eastern Hemisphere, the species used hallucinogenically in the Western Hemisphere number more than 100! Yet some of the Old World hallucinogens today hold places of primacy throughout the world. Cannabis, undoubtedly the most widespread of all the hallucinogens, is perhaps the best example. The several solanaceous ingredients of medieval witches' brews—henbane, nightshade, belladonna, and mandrake—greatly influenced European philosophy, medicine, and even history for many years. Some played an extraordinarily vital religious role in the early Aryan cultures of northern India. The role of hallucinogens in the cultural and social development of many areas of the Old World is only now being investigated. At every turn, its exte <H3> P. azurescens grow kit</H3> Those who <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/how-yo-identify-magic-mushrooms-in-new-zealand.htm" title="How Yo Identify Magic Mushrooms In New Zealand" alt="How Yo Identify Magic Mushrooms In New Zealand" >How Yo Identify Magic Mushrooms In New Zealand</a> ingest Copelandia &#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115&#44 <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/whentopickshroomsineasttexas.htm" title="Whentopickshroomsineasttexas" alt="Whentopickshroomsineasttexas" >Whentopickshroomsineasttexas</a> &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#105&#110 <br /><br /> <a href="/pancyanoncompost.htm"><img border="0" src="/images/Psilocybe-Caerulipes.jpg" alt=" Pancyanoncompost"></a> <p align="right"> &#84&#104&#101 &#77&#97&#122&#97&#116&#101&#99 &#73&#110&#100&#105&#97&#110&#115&#44 who have a long &#116&#114&#97&#100&#105&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 &#117&#115&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#44 inhabit a range of mountains called &#116&#104&#101 &#83&#105&#101&#114&#114&#97 &#77&#97&#122&#97&#116&#101&#99&#97 &#105&#110 the &#110&#111&#114&#116&#104&#101&#97&#115&#116&#101&#114&#110 &#99&#111&#114&#110&#101&#114 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 Mexican &#115&#116&#97&#116&#101 &#111&#102 &#79&#97&#120&#97&#99&#97&#46 &#84&#104&#101 shamans &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#101&#115&#115&#97&#121 &#97&#114&#101 all natives of the town of Huautla de Jimenez. Properly speaking they are Huautecans; but since the &#108&#97&#110&#103&#117&#97&#103&#101 &#116&#104&#101&#121 &#115&#112&#101&#97&#107 &#104&#97&#115 been called Mazatec &#97&#110&#100 <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/psilocybe-bohemica-stock.htm" title="Psilocybe Bohemica Stock" alt="Psilocybe Bohemica Stock" >Psilocybe Bohemica Stock</a> &#116&#104&#101&#121 &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#98&#101&#101&#110 referred &#116&#111 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#112&#114&#101&#118&#105&#111&#117&#115 anthropological literature as Mazatecs, I have retained that name, though strictly speaking, Mazatecs are the inhabitants of the &#118&#105&#108&#108&#97&#103&#101 &#111&#102 &#77&#97&#122&#97&#116&#108&#97&#110 &#105&#110 the same mountains.<br> </p> &#120&#105&#99&#97&#110 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#44 so that these materials &#110&#101&#101&#100 &#110&#111&#116 &#98&#101 &#114&#101&#112&#101&#97&#116&#101&#100 in this context. However, certain aspects &#99&#111&#110&#99&#101&#114&#110&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#109&#111&#114&#101 &#114&#101&#99&#101&#110&#116 &#117&#115&#101&#115 of these mushrooms as well as their conditions &#111&#102 &#103&#114&#111&#119&#116&#104 &#119&#105&#108&#108 &#114&#101&#99&#101&#105&#118&#101 more detailed attention in later chapters. The main purpose of this &#98&#111&#111&#107 &#105&#115 &#116&#111&#13&#10&#105&#110&#115&#112&#105&#114&#101 &#102&#117&#114&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#115&#116&#117&#100&#121 &#111&#102 these mushrooms, particularly &#98&#97&#115&#105&#99 &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104 &#101&#102&#102&#111&#114&#116&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#109&#101&#100&#105&#99&#97&#108&#13&#10&#97&#112&#112&#108&#105&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 of magic mushroom ingredients. The extensive bibliography &#119&#105&#108&#108 &#104&#101&#108&#112&#13&#10&#115&#99&#105&#101&#110&#116&#105&#115&#116&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 interested &#109&#121&#99&#111&#112&#104&#105&#108&#101&#115 &#116&#111&#13&#10&#102&#117&#114&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#105&#109&#109&#101&#114&#115&#101 &#116&#104&#101&#109&#115&#101&#108&#118&#101&#115 in this &#99&#111&#109&#112&#108&#101&#120 &#97&#114&#101&#97&#13&#10&#111&#102 &#115&#116&#117&#100&#121&#46&#13&#10&#74&#111&#99&#104&#101&#110 &#71&#97&#114&#116&#122&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 6 &#45 &#66&#114&#111&#110&#122&#101 &#100&#111&#111&#114&#115 &#119&#105&#116&#104 mushroom motif entitled "Trial &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#74&#117&#100&#103&#109&#101&#110&#116&#34 &#97&#116 &#72&#105&#108&#100&#101&#115&#104&#101&#105&#109 &#67&#97&#116&#104&#101&#100&#114&#97&#108&#44 <b> are magic mushrooms legal in berlin</b> &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121 (ca. 1020). CHAPTER 2 REFLECTIONS &#79&#78 &#84&#72&#69 &#72&#73&#83&#84&#79&#82&#89&#13&#10&#65&#78&#68 &#83&#67&#73&#69&#78&#84&#73&#70&#73&#67 STUDY OF MAGIC MUSHROOMS It is remarkable <H2> psychedelic shrooms found in west Texas</H2> that cultures native to the American continent knew &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#97 &#114&#101&#108&#97&#116&#105&#118&#101&#108&#121 &#108&#97&#114&#103&#101&#13&#10&#110&#117&#109&#98&#101&#114 of &#110&#97&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108 &#109&#105&#110&#100&#45&#97&#108&#116&#101&#114&#105&#110&#103 &#115&#117&#98&#115&#116&#97&#110&#99&#101&#115&#13&#10&#99&#111&#109&#112&#97&#114&#101&#100 &#116&#111 early cultures that evolved &#105&#110 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#13&#10&#111&#114 &#65&#115&#105&#97&#46 &#66&#111&#116&#97&#110&#105&#99&#97&#108 evidence does not support the notion that Europe <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/PsilocybinmushroomspeciesintheCaribbean.htm" title="Psilocybinmushroomspeciesinthecaribbean" alt="Psilocybinmushroomspeciesinthecaribbean" >Psilocybinmushroomspeciesinthecaribbean</a> is &#104&#111&#109&#101 &#116&#111 &#102&#101&#119&#101&#114 &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#105&#99&#13&#10&#112&#108&#97&#110&#116&#115 than other regions. Furthermore, the growing &#110&#117&#109&#98&#101&#114 &#111&#102 &#114&#101&#99&#101&#110&#116&#108&#121 &#100&#105&#115&#99&#111&#118&#101&#114&#101&#100 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 species containing psilocybin indicate a flourishing psychotropic mycoflora in Europe similar to those found in &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#99&#111&#117&#110&#116&#114&#105&#101&#115&#46&#13&#10&#73&#116 &#105&#115 &#117&#110&#108&#105&#107&#101&#108&#121 that early European cultures learned less about &#108&#111&#99&#97&#108 &#112&#108&#97&#110&#116&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#13&#10&#116&#104&#114&#111&#117&#103&#104 &#117&#115&#97&#103&#101 and &#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#101&#110&#99&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#110 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115&#13&#10&#101&#108&#115&#101&#119&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#105&#110 the &#119&#111&#114&#108&#100&#46 &#77&#111&#115&#116 &#108&#105&#107&#101&#108&#121&#44 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 cultural knowledge of European &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#97&#99&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#112&#108&#97&#110&#116&#115 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#97&#115 lost or destroyed at some time in history, probably as &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#97&#115 &#115&#101&#118&#101&#114&#97&#108 &#104&#117&#110&#100&#114&#101&#100 years ago. The &#100&#105&#115&#99&#111&#118&#101&#114&#121 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#108&#121 agaric mushroom (Amanita muscaria) was known for its psychoactive &#112&#114&#111&#112&#101&#114&#116&#105&#101&#115 &#105&#110 &#83&#105&#98&#101&#114&#105&#97 &#105&#110&#118&#105&#116&#101&#100 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#99&#108&#117&#115&#105&#111&#110 that this &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#119&#97&#115 &#117&#115&#101&#100 &#97&#115 a psychotropic agent in medieval Europe &#97&#115 &#119&#101&#108&#108&#46 &#73&#110&#13&#10&#102&#97&#99&#116&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#114&#101 is very little evidence from the Middle Ages to indicate widespread knowledge of the effects &#111&#102 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#102&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#111&#110 human consciousness.<br> However, I believe that past reports on psychoactive &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#101&#114&#101 <H1> are magic mushrooms legal in berlin</H1> &#99&#97&#117&#115&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#108&#105&#110&#107&#101&#100&#13&#10&#116&#111 Amanita muscaria simply because this was the only known psychotropic mushroom in Europe at that time. While the usage of Amanita muscaria among Siberian tribes has generated &#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#115&#112&#101&#99&#116&#97&#99&#117&#108&#97&#114 &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115&#44 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 accounts of fly agaric intoxications do &#110&#111&#116 &#103&#101&#110&#101&#114&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#105&#110&#99&#108&#117&#100&#101&#13&#10&#100&#101&#115&#99&#114&#105&#112&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#111&#102 such &#105&#110&#116&#101&#110&#115&#101&#108&#121 &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#97&#116&#111&#114&#121&#13&#10&#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115&#46&#13&#10&#65&#99&#99&#111&#114&#100&#105&#110&#103&#108&#121&#44 &#116&#104&#101 &#112&#111&#116&#101&#110&#116 hallucinogenic effects of specific Psilocybes and related species are likely to have had a much more significant influence on &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#110 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#100&#101&#108&#105&#114&#105&#117&#109&#45&#108&#105&#107&#101 visions induced &#98&#121 &#65&#109&#97&#110&#105&#116&#97&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#99&#97&#114&#105&#97&#44 &#97 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 that is also known &#116&#111 &#105&#110&#100&#117&#99&#101&#13&#10&#117&#110&#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115 <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/PsilocybinmushroomspeciesintheCaribbean.htm" title="Psilocybinmushroomspeciesinthecaribbean" alt="Psilocybinmushroomspeciesinthecaribbean" >Psilocybinmushroomspeciesinthecaribbean</a> &#97&#110&#100 &#115&#101&#118&#101&#114&#101 somatic side effects.<br> This hypothesis is corroborated by &#100&#97&#116&#97 &#102&#114&#111&#109&#13&#10&#99&#111&#109&#112&#114&#101&#104&#101&#110&#115&#105&#118&#101 &#102&#105&#101&#108&#100 &#115&#116&#117&#100&#105&#101&#115 conducted in &#77&#101&#120&#105&#99&#111&#46&#13&#10&#73 &#98&#101&#108&#105&#101&#118&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#104&#105&#115&#116&#111&#114&#105&#99 accounts &#105&#110&#99&#108&#117&#100&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#111&#115&#101&#13&#10&#100&#101&#115&#99&#114&#105&#98&#101&#100 &#98&#101&#108&#111&#119 &#45 indicate a knowledge of <br /> </p> <h2>texas season in in season</h2> <p> <p align="center"> as well. Below are some &#101&#120&#99&#101&#114&#112&#116&#115 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#104&#105&#115 &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104 protocols: J.H. &#40&#97 &#50&#52&#45&#121&#101&#97&#114&#45&#111&#108&#100 &#109&#97&#108&#101&#41 &#105&#110&#103&#101&#115&#116&#101&#100 four cooked mushrooms at night, after a &#109&#101&#97&#108 &#40&#33&#41&#44 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101&#110 &#97&#116&#101 another three fresh mushrooms 30 minutes later. This was followed by regurgitation, &#97&#110&#100 &#52&#53&#13&#10&#109&#105&#110&#117&#116&#101&#115 &#108&#97&#116&#101&#114&#44 &#104&#101 started to sweat profusely all over his &#104&#101&#97&#100 &#97&#110&#100 &#98&#111&#100&#121&#46 &#72&#105&#115 pulse rate and breathing were accelerated, but slowed &#100&#111&#119&#110 &#108&#97&#116&#101&#114 &#111&#110&#46 &#72&#101&#13&#10&#108&#97&#105&#100 <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/psilocybinkansasfarm.htm" title="Psilocybinkansasfarm" alt="Psilocybinkansasfarm" >Psilocybinkansasfarm</a> down and experienced visual hallucinations, which caused him to &#112&#97&#110&#105&#99 &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#111&#13&#10&#114&#117&#110 &#97 distance of about 1,200 ft. to &#99&#111&#110&#115&#117&#108&#116 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#110&#101&#97&#114&#101&#115&#116 &#100&#111&#99&#116&#111&#114&#46 &#84&#104&#101 physician noted &#119&#105&#100&#101&#108&#121 &#100&#105&#108&#97&#116&#101&#100&#13&#10&#112&#117&#112&#105&#108&#115&#44 &#97&#110&#100 &#112&#114&#111&#99&#101&#101&#100&#101&#100 to &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#116&#104&#101 &#112&#97&#116&#105&#101&#110&#116&#39&#115&#13&#10&#115&#116&#111&#109&#97&#99&#104 &#112&#117&#109&#112&#101&#100 and then prescribed laxatives. Three hours later, the abnormal state had largely subsided; by the &#110&#101&#120&#116 &#109&#111&#114&#110&#105&#110&#103&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#119&#97&#115 &#110&#111&#13&#10&#101&#118&#105&#100&#101&#110&#99&#101 of any other side effects. M.K. (a 22-year-old male) ate just one fresh mushroom, &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 &#104&#97&#100 &#110&#111 &#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115 at all.<br> K .Y. (a 31-year-old male) ate five mushrooms. Regurgitation &#111&#99&#99&#117&#114&#114&#101&#100 &#51&#48 &#109&#105&#110&#117&#116&#101&#115&#13&#10&#97&#102&#116&#101&#114 &#105&#110&#103&#101&#115&#116&#105&#111&#110&#44 followed by &#115&#119&#101&#97&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#97&#114&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#104&#101&#97&#100 &#97&#110&#100 &#98&#111&#100&#121&#59 his extremities &#97&#112&#112&#101&#97&#114&#101&#100 &#116&#111 &#98&#101&#13&#10&#115&#108&#105&#103&#104&#116&#108&#121 &#112&#97&#114&#97&#108&#121&#122&#101&#100&#46 This paralysis persisted for another &#116&#104&#114&#101&#101 &#104&#111&#117&#114&#115&#46 &#68&#117&#114&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#105&#115 time, the subject had great &#100&#105&#102&#102&#105&#99&#117&#108&#116&#105&#101&#115 &#104&#97&#110&#100&#108&#105&#110&#103 &#97 &#112&#101&#110 for writing, his mood was depressed and he experienced hallucinations, &#115&#117&#99&#104 &#97&#115 &#99&#111&#108&#111&#114&#102&#117&#108 &#108&#105&#103&#104&#116&#115 flooding down from the sky. By the following &#109&#111&#114&#110&#105&#110&#103&#44 &#97&#108&#108&#13&#10&#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115 had dissipated. &#84&#104&#101 &#102&#114&#101&#115&#104 &#102&#114&#117&#105&#116&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#98&#111&#100&#105&#101&#115 &#119&#101&#114&#101 bitter, a taste that disappeared after the mushrooms had been cooked &#105&#110 &#119&#97&#116&#101&#114&#46&#13&#10&#84&#104&#101 &#97&#98&#111&#118&#101 &#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#109&#101&#110&#116&#115 &#97&#114&#101 &#114&#97&#116&#104&#101&#114&#13&#10&#97&#109&#97&#116&#101&#117&#114&#105&#115&#104&#44 and the &#100&#101&#115&#99&#114&#105&#112&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#111&#102 &#114&#101&#115&#117&#108&#116&#115 &#97&#114&#101&#13&#10&#104&#101&#97&#118&#105&#108&#121 influenced by a simplistic perspective which assumes that the mushrooms's pharmacological effects proceed along a &#115&#105&#110&#103&#108&#101&#44&#13&#10&#110&#97&#114&#114&#111&#119 &#116&#114&#97&#99&#107&#46 &#83&#116&#105&#108&#108&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 accounts demonstrate that comparable dosages of Japanese mushroom species have psychotropic effects similar to those caused by Psilocybe &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#111&#110 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#116&#105&#110&#101&#110&#116&#115&#46&#13&#10&#77&#117&#99&#104 work still &#114&#101&#109&#97&#105&#110&#115 &#116&#111 &#98&#101 &#100&#111&#110&#101 in the areas of phytochemistry and taxonomy before the body &#111&#102 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#108&#101&#100&#103&#101 &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#116&#114&#111&#112&#105&#99 mushroom species in Japan can grow to become adequate. The geographic distribution and ingredients of the Japanese Panaeolus species must &#97&#108&#115&#111 &#98&#101 &#115&#116&#117&#100&#105&#101&#100&#13&#10&#102&#117&#114&#116&#104&#101&#114&#46 &#70&#111&#114 instance, Panaeolus subbalteatus is one of the species that are growing on &#115&#101&#118&#101&#114&#97&#108&#13&#10&#74&#97&#112&#97&#110&#101&#115&#101 &#105&#115&#108&#97&#110&#100&#115 &#116&#111&#100&#97&#121&#46&#13&#10&#67&#72&#65&#80&#84&#69&#82 &#55&#46&#54&#13&#10&#73&#78&#84&#79&#88&#73&#67&#65&#84&#73&#79&#78&#83 AND &#84&#72&#69 &#79&#76&#68&#69&#83&#84 &#75&#78&#79&#87&#78&#13&#10&#77&#85&#83&#72&#82&#79&#79&#77 &#67&#85&#76&#84 IN &#65&#70&#82&#73&#67&#65&#13&#10&#83&#111 &#102&#97&#114&#44 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#121&#99&#111&#102&#108&#111&#114&#97 of the African continent has been &#115&#116&#117&#100&#105&#101&#100 &#111&#110&#108&#121 &#112&#101&#114&#105&#112&#104&#101&#114&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#114&#101&#109&#97&#105&#110&#115 largely unknown.<br> During the late 1980s, Italian mycologist G. Samorini and &#84&#101&#114&#101&#110&#99&#101&#13&#10&#77&#99&#75&#101&#110&#110&#97&#44 &#119&#111&#114&#107&#105&#110&#103 &#105&#110&#100&#101&#112&#101&#110&#100&#101&#110&#116&#108&#121&#44 &#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#101&#118&#105&#100&#101&#110&#99&#101&#13&#10&#102&#111&#114 the oldest known mushroom cult in Africa. Their discoveries &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#110&#111&#116 &#106&#117&#115&#116 &#115&#101&#110&#115&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108&#44 but most surprising as well. On the other hand, <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/shroomsromania.htm" title="Shroomsromania" alt="Shroomsromania" >Shroomsromania</a> it really shouldn't come as a surprise that the oldest traces of human contact with &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#101&#114&#101&#13&#10&#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#111&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#118&#101&#114&#121 continent known &#97&#115 &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#114&#97&#100&#108&#101 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#104&#117&#109&#97&#110&#105&#116&#121&#46&#13&#10&#49&#48&#44&#48&#48&#48 &#89&#101&#97&#114&#115 Old From 9,000 &#116&#111 </p> own cause of death and disease, bloated stomachs and insanity. Beliefs such as these have survived to the present day. They persist, for example,,, as figures of speech, s u c h as the slick Austrian description of a societal misfit as someone "who ate those madness-inducing mushrooms." But, there is another, very different, magic mushroom legacy as well. Flesh of the Gods for Devil Worshippers The Old World. Mycenaean civilization began with a mushroom trip -Mushrooms were an ingredient in the ambrosia of Dionysus. Porphyrius, the fourth century Latin poet and contemporary of Emperor Konstantin, knew that magic mushrooms were the children of the gods. WHO WAS THE FIRST MAGICIAN? A quasi-cannibalistic ritual, the act of eating the children of the gods unlocked one's power to experience the truly divine. But not all mushrooms enable human beings to enter the realm of divine consciousness. This magic power resides in only those fungi known as "fool's mushrooms", which were considered poisonous and believed to be the spawn of the Devil throughout the late Middle Ages and well into modern times. The New World: The Aztecs in Mexico referred to a number of small, inconspicuous mushrooms as teonartacatl, or "flesh of the Gods." These sacred mushrooms were eaten during the course of rituals intended to contact the Gods in order to learn about the world and the realm of the divine. These magic mushroom rituals thoroughly spooked the Catholic Spaniards. The mushroom eaters, commonly thought of as Devil worshippers, were hounded by the Inquisition. Still, all good things survive the tests of time, so the cult of magic mushroom eaters did not become extinct. Like mycelia underground, the cult continued to flourish, and at the proper time in recorded history, in 1957, the fruit of the fully grown mushroom re-surfaced to draw widespread public attention. Valentine and Gordon Wasson became the heroes of the modern neo-mycophilic movement. Back to the Old World: The revelations and insights gained from the use of psychoactive mushrooms were so magically wonderful, that our native European "fool's mushrooms" - which were gene ; considered inedible - had to be recognized as closely related to the magic mushrooms of Mexico, the flesh of the Aztec Gods. The souls of magic mushrooms in Mexico and Germany are essentially made from the same substance: psilocybin. Jochen Gartz has made an extraordinary contribution to the field of mycology by embracing Germany's magic mushrooms and the scientific study and testing of these fungi. The research efforts upon which this book is based require nothing less than a fearless, brave and courageous consciousness, free of prejudice and mycophobia. I am convinced that a researcher's consciousness infused by the spirit of the magic mushroom is capable of far deeper scientific insights than we can ever expect from the usual ivory tower academics, isolated from reality &#120&#105&#99&#97&#110 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#44 so that these &#109&#97&#116&#101&#114&#105&#97&#108&#115 &#110&#101&#101&#100 &#110&#111&#116 &#98&#101 repeated in this context. However, certain aspects concerning the more recent uses of these mushrooms as &#119&#101&#108&#108 &#97&#115&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#99&#111&#110&#100&#105&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#111&#102 growth will receive more detailed attention in later chapters. The main purpose of this book is to inspire &#102&#117&#114&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#115&#116&#117&#100&#121 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 mushrooms, particularly basic research efforts and medical applications of magic mushroom &#105&#110&#103&#114&#101&#100&#105&#101&#110&#116&#115&#46&#13&#10&#84&#104&#101 &#101&#120&#116&#101&#110&#115&#105&#118&#101 &#98&#105&#98&#108&#105&#111&#103&#114&#97&#112&#104&#121 &#119&#105&#108&#108 help scientists and other interested mycophiles to further immerse &#116&#104&#101&#109&#115&#101&#108&#118&#101&#115 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#99&#111&#109&#112&#108&#101&#120 &#97&#114&#101&#97&#13&#10&#111&#102 study. Jochen &#71&#97&#114&#116&#122&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#54 &#45 &#66&#114&#111&#110&#122&#101 doors with mushroom motif entitled "Trial and Judgment" at Hildesheim &#67&#97&#116&#104&#101&#100&#114&#97&#108&#44 &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121 &#40&#99&#97&#46 &#49&#48&#50&#48&#41&#46&#13&#10&#67&#72&#65&#80&#84&#69&#82 2 REFLECTIONS ON THE HISTORY AND SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF &#77&#65&#71&#73&#67 &#77&#85&#83&#72&#82&#79&#79&#77&#83&#13&#10&#73&#116 &#105&#115 &#114&#101&#109&#97&#114&#107&#97&#98&#108&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 &#110&#97&#116&#105&#118&#101 to the American continent knew about a relatively large number &#111&#102 &#110&#97&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108 &#109&#105&#110&#100&#45&#97&#108&#116&#101&#114&#105&#110&#103 &#115&#117&#98&#115&#116&#97&#110&#99&#101&#115&#13&#10&#99&#111&#109&#112&#97&#114&#101&#100 to &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#101&#118&#111&#108&#118&#101&#100 &#105&#110 Europe or Asia. &#66&#111&#116&#97&#110&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#101&#118&#105&#100&#101&#110&#99&#101 &#100&#111&#101&#115 &#110&#111&#116 support the notion that &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 &#105&#115 &#104&#111&#109&#101 &#116&#111 fewer hallucinogenic plants than other regions.<br> Furthermore, the growing number of recently discovered European mushroom species containing psilocybin indicate &#97&#13&#10&#102&#108&#111&#117&#114&#105&#115&#104&#105&#110&#103 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#116&#114&#111&#112&#105&#99 &#109&#121&#99&#111&#102&#108&#111&#114&#97 &#105&#110 Europe similar to those &#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#105&#110 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#99&#111&#117&#110&#116&#114&#105&#101&#115&#46&#13&#10&#73&#116 &#105&#115 unlikely that early European &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115&#13&#10&#108&#101&#97&#114&#110&#101&#100 &#108&#101&#115&#115 &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#108&#111&#99&#97&#108 plants and mushrooms through usage and experience than cultures elsewhere in the world.<br> Most likely, early cultural knowledge of European psychoactive plants and mushrooms &#119&#97&#115 &#108&#111&#115&#116 &#111&#114 &#100&#101&#115&#116&#114&#111&#121&#101&#100 at some time &#105&#110&#13&#10&#104&#105&#115&#116&#111&#114&#121&#44 &#112&#114&#111&#98&#97&#98&#108&#121 &#97&#115 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 as several hundred years ago. The discovery that the fly agaric mushroom (Amanita muscaria) was known for its psychoactive properties in Siberia invited the conclusion that this mushroom was used as a psychotropic agent &#105&#110 &#109&#101&#100&#105&#101&#118&#97&#108 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 &#97&#115 well. In fact, there is very little evidence from the Middle Ages to indicate widespread knowledge of the effects of specific mushrooms on human consciousness. However, I believe that past reports on &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#97&#99&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#99&#97&#117&#115&#97&#108&#108&#121 linked to Amanita muscaria &#115&#105&#109&#112&#108&#121 &#98&#101&#99&#97&#117&#115&#101 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#119&#97&#115 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#111&#110&#108&#121 known psychotropic mushroom in Europe at that time.<br> While the usage &#111&#102 &#65&#109&#97&#110&#105&#116&#97 &#109&#117&#115&#99&#97&#114&#105&#97&#13&#10&#97&#109&#111&#110&#103 &#83&#105&#98&#101&#114&#105&#97&#110 tribes has generated &#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#115&#112&#101&#99&#116&#97&#99&#117&#108&#97&#114 &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115&#44 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 accounts of fly agaric intoxications &#100&#111 &#110&#111&#116 &#103&#101&#110&#101&#114&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#105&#110&#99&#108&#117&#100&#101&#13&#10&#100&#101&#115&#99&#114&#105&#112&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 of such intensely &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#97&#116&#111&#114&#121&#13&#10&#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115&#46&#13&#10&#65&#99&#99&#111&#114&#100&#105&#110&#103&#108&#121&#44 &#116&#104&#101 &#112&#111&#116&#101&#110&#116 &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#105&#99&#13&#10&#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115 of specific &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101&#115 <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/onset-time-for-shrooms.htm" title="Onset Time For Shrooms" alt="Onset Time For Shrooms" >Onset Time For Shrooms</a> &#97&#110&#100 &#114&#101&#108&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#13&#10&#97&#114&#101 &#108&#105&#107&#101&#108&#121 to &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#104&#97&#100 &#97 &#109&#117&#99&#104 more significant influence on &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#110 the delirium-like visions induced by Amanita muscaria, a species that &#105&#115 &#97&#108&#115&#111 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#116&#111 induce unconsciousness and severe somatic side effects. This hypothesis is corroborated by &#100&#97&#116&#97 &#102&#114&#111&#109&#13&#10&#99&#111&#109&#112&#114&#101&#104&#101&#110&#115&#105&#118&#101 &#102&#105&#101&#108&#100 &#115&#116&#117&#100&#105&#101&#115 conducted in Mexico. I believe that historic accounts including those described below - indicate a &#107&#110&#111&#119&#108&#101&#100&#103&#101 &#111&#102 <p align="left"> own cause of &#100&#101&#97&#116&#104 &#97&#110&#100 &#100&#105&#115&#101&#97&#115&#101&#44 &#98&#108&#111&#97&#116&#101&#100 stomachs &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#105&#110&#115&#97&#110&#105&#116&#121&#46 &#66&#101&#108&#105&#101&#102&#115 &#115&#117&#99&#104 &#97&#115 these have survived to the present day. They persist, for example,,, &#97&#115&#13&#10&#102&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101&#115 &#111&#102 &#115&#112&#101&#101&#99&#104&#44 &#115 u c h as the slick &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#105&#97&#110&#13&#10&#100&#101&#115&#99&#114&#105&#112&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 &#97 &#115&#111&#99&#105&#101&#116&#97&#108 misfit as someone "who ate those madness-inducing mushrooms.<br>" But, there &#105&#115 &#97&#110&#111&#116&#104&#101&#114&#44 &#118&#101&#114&#121 &#100&#105&#102&#102&#101&#114&#101&#110&#116&#44&#13&#10&#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 legacy as well.<br> Flesh &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#71&#111&#100&#115 &#102&#111&#114 Devil Worshippers The Old World. Mycenaean civilization began with a mushroom trip -Mushrooms were an &#105&#110&#103&#114&#101&#100&#105&#101&#110&#116 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#97&#109&#98&#114&#111&#115&#105&#97 of &#68&#105&#111&#110&#121&#115&#117&#115&#46&#13&#10&#80&#111&#114&#112&#104&#121&#114&#105&#117&#115&#44 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#111&#117&#114&#116&#104 &#99&#101&#110&#116&#117&#114&#121 Latin poet and contemporary &#111&#102 &#69&#109&#112&#101&#114&#111&#114 &#75&#111&#110&#115&#116&#97&#110&#116&#105&#110&#44 &#107&#110&#101&#119&#13&#10&#116&#104&#97&#116 magic mushrooms were &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#104&#105&#108&#100&#114&#101&#110 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#103&#111&#100&#115&#46&#13&#10&#87&#72&#79 &#87&#65&#83 THE FIRST MAGICIAN? A quasi-cannibalistic ritual, the act of eating the children of &#116&#104&#101 &#103&#111&#100&#115 &#117&#110&#108&#111&#99&#107&#101&#100 &#111&#110&#101&#39&#115 power to experience the truly divine. &#66&#117&#116 &#110&#111&#116 &#97&#108&#108&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#101&#110&#97&#98&#108&#101 human beings &#116&#111 &#101&#110&#116&#101&#114 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#114&#101&#97&#108&#109 &#111&#102 divine consciousness. This magic power resides in only those &#102&#117&#110&#103&#105 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#97&#115 &#34&#102&#111&#111&#108&#39&#115&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#34&#44 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 were considered poisonous and believed to be the &#115&#112&#97&#119&#110 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#68&#101&#118&#105&#108&#13&#10&#116&#104&#114&#111&#117&#103&#104&#111&#117&#116 the late Middle Ages and &#119&#101&#108&#108 &#105&#110&#116&#111&#13&#10&#109&#111&#100&#101&#114&#110 &#116&#105&#109&#101&#115&#46&#13&#10&#84&#104&#101 &#78&#101&#119 <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/Psilocybessp.htm" title="Psilocybessp" alt="Psilocybessp" >Psilocybessp</a> World: The Aztecs in Mexico referred to a number of small, inconspicuous mushrooms as teonartacatl, &#111&#114 &#34&#102&#108&#101&#115&#104 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#71&#111&#100&#115&#46&#34 These sacred mushrooms were eaten during the course &#111&#102 &#114&#105&#116&#117&#97&#108&#115 &#105&#110&#116&#101&#110&#100&#101&#100 &#116&#111 contact the Gods in order to learn about the world and &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#114&#101&#97&#108&#109 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#100&#105&#118&#105&#110&#101&#46 These magic mushroom rituals thoroughly spooked the Catholic Spaniards. The mushroom &#101&#97&#116&#101&#114&#115&#44 &#99&#111&#109&#109&#111&#110&#108&#121&#13&#10&#116&#104&#111&#117&#103&#104&#116 &#111&#102 &#97&#115 Devil &#119&#111&#114&#115&#104&#105&#112&#112&#101&#114&#115&#44 &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#104&#111&#117&#110&#100&#101&#100&#13&#10&#98&#121 &#116&#104&#101 Inquisition. &#83&#116&#105&#108&#108&#44 &#97&#108&#108 &#103&#111&#111&#100 &#116&#104&#105&#110&#103&#115 &#115&#117&#114&#118&#105&#118&#101&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 tests of <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/Psilocybessp.htm" title="Psilocybessp" alt="Psilocybessp" >Psilocybessp</a> time, so the cult of &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#13&#10&#101&#97&#116&#101&#114&#115 &#100&#105&#100 &#110&#111&#116 become extinct.<br> Like mycelia underground, the cult continued to flourish, and at the proper time in recorded history, &#105&#110 &#49&#57&#53&#55&#44&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 &#102&#114&#117&#105&#116 &#111&#102 the fully grown mushroom re-surfaced to draw widespread public &#97&#116&#116&#101&#110&#116&#105&#111&#110&#46 &#86&#97&#108&#101&#110&#116&#105&#110&#101&#13&#10&#97&#110&#100 &#71&#111&#114&#100&#111&#110 &#87&#97&#115&#115&#111&#110 became the heroes &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#109&#111&#100&#101&#114&#110 &#110&#101&#111&#45&#109&#121&#99&#111&#112&#104&#105&#108&#105&#99 &#109&#111&#118&#101&#109&#101&#110&#116&#46&#13&#10&#66&#97&#99&#107 to the Old World: The &#114&#101&#118&#101&#108&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115&#13&#10&#97&#110&#100 &#105&#110&#115&#105&#103&#104&#116&#115 &#103&#97&#105&#110&#101&#100 &#102&#114&#111&#109 the use of psychoactive mushrooms were so magically wonderful, that our native European &#34&#102&#111&#111&#108&#39&#115 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#34 &#45 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104&#13&#10&#119&#101&#114&#101 gene ; considered inedible &#45 &#104&#97&#100 &#116&#111 &#98&#101&#13&#10&#114&#101&#99&#111&#103&#110&#105&#122&#101&#100 as &#99&#108&#111&#115&#101&#108&#121 &#114&#101&#108&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 magic mushrooms &#111&#102 &#77&#101&#120&#105&#99&#111&#44 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#108&#101&#115&#104 of the Aztec Gods. The souls of &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#105&#110 &#77&#101&#120&#105&#99&#111&#13&#10&#97&#110&#100 &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121 are essentially made from the same substance: psilocybin.<br> Jochen Gartz has &#109&#97&#100&#101 &#97&#110 &#101&#120&#116&#114&#97&#111&#114&#100&#105&#110&#97&#114&#121&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#116&#114&#105&#98&#117&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 field of mycology by &#101&#109&#98&#114&#97&#99&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121&#39&#115 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#97&#110&#100 the scientific study and testing of these fungi.<br> The research efforts upon which this &#98&#111&#111&#107 &#105&#115 &#98&#97&#115&#101&#100 &#114&#101&#113&#117&#105&#114&#101&#13&#10&#110&#111&#116&#104&#105&#110&#103 less &#116&#104&#97&#110 &#97 &#102&#101&#97&#114&#108&#101&#115&#115&#44 &#98&#114&#97&#118&#101 and courageous consciousness, free of &#112&#114&#101&#106&#117&#100&#105&#99&#101 &#97&#110&#100 &#109&#121&#99&#111&#112&#104&#111&#98&#105&#97&#46 &#73&#13&#10&#97&#109 &#99&#111&#110&#118&#105&#110&#99&#101&#100 that &#97 &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104&#101&#114&#39&#115 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115&#13&#10&#105&#110&#102&#117&#115&#101&#100 &#98&#121 the spirit of the magic mushroom is capable of far deeper scientific &#105&#110&#115&#105&#103&#104&#116&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#110 &#119&#101&#13&#10&#99&#97&#110 &#101&#118&#101&#114 expect &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#116&#104&#101 &#117&#115&#117&#97&#108 &#105&#118&#111&#114&#121 tower academics, isolated from &#114&#101&#97&#108&#105&#116&#121 </p> <p align="center"> More than half of Australia's beef cattle &#99&#97&#110 <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/buy-copelandia-cyanescens-spores-us.htm" title="Buy Copelandia Cyanescens Spores Us" alt="Buy Copelandia Cyanescens Spores Us" >Buy Copelandia Cyanescens Spores Us</a> &#98&#101 <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/professional-mushroom-growkit-kaufen.htm" title="Professional Mushroom Growkit Kaufen" alt="Professional Mushroom Growkit Kaufen" >Professional Mushroom Growkit Kaufen</a> &#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#105&#110 the coastal &#97&#114&#101&#97&#115 &#111&#102 &#81&#117&#101&#101&#110&#115&#108&#97&#110&#100 </p> xican mushroom species, so that these materials need not be repeated in this context. However, certain aspects concerning the more recent uses of these mushrooms as well as their conditions of growth will receive more detailed attention in later chapters. The main purpose of this book is to inspire further study of these mushrooms, particularly basic research efforts and medical applications of magic mushroom ingredients. The extensive bibliography will help scientists and other interested mycophiles to further immerse themselves in this complex area of study. Jochen Gartz Figure 6 - Bronze doors with mushroom motif entitled "Trial and Judgment" at Hildesheim Cathedral, Germany (ca. 1020). CHAPTER 2 REFLECTIONS ON THE HISTORY AND SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF MAGIC MUSHROOMS It is remarkable that cultures native to the American continent knew about a relatively large number of natural mind-altering substances compared to early cultures that evolved in Europe or Asia. Botanical evidence does not support the notion that Europe is home to fewer hallucinogenic plants than other regions. Furthermore, the growing number of recently discovered European mushroom species containing psilocybin indicate a flourishing psychotropic mycoflora in Europe similar to those found in other countries. It is unlikely that early European cultures learned less about local plants and mushrooms through usage and experience than cultures elsewhere in the world. Most likely, early cultural knowledge of European psychoactive plants and mushrooms was lost or destroyed at some time in history, probably as early as several hundred years ago. The discovery that the fly agaric mushroom (Amanita muscaria) was known for its psychoactive properties in Siberia invited the conclusion that this mushroom was used as a psychotropic agent in medieval Europe as well. In fact, there is very little evidence from the Middle Ages to indicate widespread knowledge of the effects of specific mushrooms on human consciousness. However, I believe that past reports on psychoactive mushrooms were causally linked to Amanita muscaria simply because this was the only known psychotropic mushroom in Europe at that time. While the usage of Amanita muscaria among Siberian tribes has generated reports of spectacular hallucinations, European accounts of fly agaric intoxications do not generally include descriptions of such intensely hallucinatory effects. Accordingly, the potent hallucinogenic effects of specific Psilocybes and related species are likely to have had a much more significant influence on early European cultures than the delirium-like visions induced by Amanita muscaria, a species that is also known to induce unconsciousness and severe somatic side effects. This hypothesis is corroborated by data from comprehensive field studies conducted in Mexico. I believe that historic accounts including those described below - indicate a knowledge of <br /> </p> <h2> gymnopilus identification sp.</h2> <p>ecialize in the study of Psilocybes, despite the fact that Psilocybe semilanceata is the most common and conspicuous species among the Psilocybes. Also, mushroom lovers whose interests are not purely scientific (see Chapter 7.4) do not usually preserve their knowledge for posterity in the form of distribution maps. However, there is one map from 1986, which shows the distribution pattern of Psilocybe semilanceata across Germany (see Figure 20, p. 28). Almost no published information is available about locations where Psilocybe species have been found in eastern Germany. During my own field trips, I have discovered Psilocybe semilanceata specimens in various locations, such as near my hometown of Mansfeld in the Vorharz Mountains, in the marshlands of Duben as well as in other eastern German marshland areas. In addition, friends who are also mycologists have told me about finding the mushrooms in other parts of the country. A book published in 1952 is among the rare sources that includes details about specimens discovered in the southeastern state of Saxony (see Figure 16, p. 23). The Psilocybe species grow most abundantly on wet pastures surrounded by forest areas. In my experience, Psilocybe semilanceata grows in most of Germany's forestlands. The species fruits during the fall, from late September through October. It favors acidic soil and grassy terrain alongside trails or around the edges of forest lands. Specimens are generally clustered in small groups of 30 mushrooms or less. Deer droppings or other animal feces are usually present at those locations, even though the mushrooms never grow directly on top of dung. Occasionally, extremely stunted specimens may be found in the mountains by the side of the road. The soil below older cow pastures provides an excellent medium for extensive mycelial growth. In some locations, large areas yield an abundance of fruiting bodies, mirroring the extent of mycelial saturation in the soil. Given adequate moisture, maximum yields can be expected, if the pasture was grazed at least once during the weeks before fruiting season. However, the mushrooms also thrive under similar conditions on horse and sheep pastures. Such grassy areas inside forests are usually grazing areas for deer, who provide the soil with additional fertilization. However, Psilocybe semilanceata does not grow in locations where artificial fertilizer has been used. Such pastures are often flanked by creeks or swamp lands, which saturate the soil with water. During the summertime, the warm climate in these wet areas provides an excellent environment for optimal mycelial growth. In Germany, the mushroom's habitat ranges from the coastal areas to mountainous regions, where the species has been found at altitudes of up to 1,720 m (5,160 ft) above sea level (MTB-8443, 1985). In the former Czechoslovakia, samples have been collected at altitudes ranging from 330 to 1,000 m (1,000 - <p align="center"> &#117&#114&#101 &#111&#102 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97&#13&#10&#40&#119&#105&#116&#104 sclerotia formation). Figure 48 - &#73&#110&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#97&#101&#114&#117&#103&#105&#110&#97&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115 &#111&#110 &#103&#114&#97&#115&#115&#121 soil Figure &#52&#57 &#45 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115 on horse manure and rice. portions of &#109&#121&#99&#101&#108&#105&#97 &#119&#104&#111&#115&#101 <b> Psilocybe cubensis east texas</b> &#116&#101&#120&#116&#117&#114&#101 &#105&#115 somewhat like wool. &#84&#104&#101 &#107&#105&#110&#100 <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/where-to-find-psilocybin-mushrooms-in-kansas.htm" title="Where To Find Psilocybin Mushrooms In Kansas" alt="Where To Find Psilocybin Mushrooms In Kansas" >Where To Find Psilocybin Mushrooms In Kansas</a> &#111&#102 &#118&#105&#114&#117&#115&#101&#115 known to &#97&#112&#112&#101&#97&#114 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#99&#104&#97&#109&#112&#105&#103&#110&#111&#110 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 &#45 where they <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/magic-mushrooms-in-berlin-parks.htm" title="Parks Parks Magic In Mushrooms" alt="Parks Parks Magic In Mushrooms" >Parks Parks Magic In Mushrooms</a> have &#97&#108&#114&#101&#97&#100&#121&#13&#10&#99&#97&#117&#115&#101&#100 &#97 &#108&#111&#116 &#111&#102 damage - have so far not been found in cultures of the Psilocybe and Panaeolus species. It is &#115&#97&#102&#101 &#116&#111 &#115&#97&#121 &#116&#104&#97&#116 we currently know a great deal about the nutritional requirements of Psilocybe cubensis. &#84&#111 &#97 &#108&#101&#115&#115&#101&#114 &#101&#120&#116&#101&#110&#116&#44 such information is available about other species as well.<br> &#65&#114&#109&#101&#100 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#108&#101&#100&#103&#101&#44 &#102&#117&#116&#117&#114&#101&#13&#10&#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104&#101&#114&#115 may well discover new insights &#105&#110&#116&#111&#13&#10&#112&#104&#121&#115&#105&#111&#108&#111&#103&#121 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#44 &#97&#115 &#119&#101&#108&#108 as &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#98&#105&#111&#99&#104&#101&#109&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#99&#104&#97&#110&#103&#101&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#111&#99&#99&#117&#114 during fruiting. In my experiments, it has already been established that the process of differentiation whereby mycelia are transformed into sclerotia or fruiting bodies is linked to &#105&#110&#99&#114&#101&#97&#115&#101&#100 &#112&#114&#111&#100&#117&#99&#116&#105&#111&#110&#13&#10&#111&#102 &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#110 &#97&#115 well as psilocin, especially in Psilocybe &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115&#46&#13&#10&#68&#117&#101 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 &#114&#101&#108&#97&#116&#105&#118&#101&#108&#121 complex methodology and the type of equipment needed to isolate and maintain sterile cultures, it appears unlikely that cultivation of &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#98&#121 &#108&#97&#121&#112&#101&#114&#115&#111&#110&#115 will &#115&#105&#103&#110&#105&#102&#105&#99&#97&#110&#116&#108&#121&#13&#10&#104&#101&#105&#103&#104&#116&#101&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#39&#115 &#112&#111&#112&#117&#108&#97&#114&#105&#116&#121 &#111&#114 widen its area of distribution anytime soon. However, since &#116&#104&#101 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#49&#57&#56&#48&#115&#44 &#103&#114&#111&#119&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#110&#117&#109&#98&#101&#114&#115 of mycophiles in North &#65&#109&#101&#114&#105&#99&#97 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#115&#117&#99&#99&#101&#115&#115&#102&#117&#108&#108&#121 &#117&#115&#101&#100 "natural outdoor cultivation" to fruit &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#115&#105&#109&#105&#108&#97&#114 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#46 This process involves selection &#111&#102&#13&#10&#110&#97&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108 &#119&#111&#111&#100 &#115&#117&#98&#115&#116&#114&#97&#116&#101&#115 &#115&#116&#114&#105&#97&#116&#101&#100 with mycelia (rhizomorphs) that usually &#116&#117&#114&#110 &#98&#108&#117&#101 &#105&#110 &#114&#101&#115&#112&#111&#110&#115&#101&#13&#10&#116&#111 handling. The mycelia are then transferred &#111&#110&#116&#111&#13&#10&#102&#114&#101&#115&#104 &#119&#111&#111&#100 &#99&#104&#105&#112&#115 &#111&#114 commercial &#109&#117&#108&#99&#104 &#40&#110&#111&#116 &#102&#114&#111&#109&#13&#10&#99&#101&#100&#97&#114 &#116&#114&#101&#101&#115&#41&#46 After several &#109&#111&#110&#116&#104&#115 &#111&#102 &#103&#114&#111&#119&#116&#104&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#109&#121&#99&#101&#108&#105&#97 &#102&#114&#117&#105&#116 during the fall season.<br> Figure 50 - Surface culture &#111&#102 &#73&#110&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#97&#101&#114&#117&#103&#105&#110&#97&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115 &#111&#110 a liquid nutrient &#109&#101&#100&#105&#117&#109&#46&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#53&#49 &#45 &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#117&#115 subbalteatus on cow dung and &#114&#105&#99&#101&#46&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#53&#50 &#45 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 cubensis &#111&#110 &#119&#101&#116 &#110&#101&#119&#115&#112&#97&#112&#101&#114&#46&#13&#10&#67&#72&#65&#80&#84&#69&#82 &#55&#13&#10&#80&#83&#89&#67&#72&#79&#84&#82&#79&#80&#73&#67 MUSHROOM SPECIES AROUND THE WORLD Figure 53 &#45 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115 &#111&#110 &#99&#111&#109&#112&#111&#115&#116&#46&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#53&#52 - Psilocybe &#115&#116&#117&#110&#116&#122&#105&#105 &#40&#103&#114&#97&#115&#115&#108&#97&#110&#100&#115 &#118&#97&#114&#105&#101&#116&#121&#41 &#102&#114&#111&#109 British Columbia. Figure 55 - Giant mushroom sculpture from Kerala, India. There is considerable debate among experts about the significance and purpose &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#99&#117&#108&#112&#116&#117&#114&#101&#46&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#53&#54 - &#77&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#38 &#119&#97&#116&#101&#114 &#98&#117&#102&#102&#97&#108&#111 t-shirt from Thailand, designed &#102&#111&#114 &#116&#104&#101 &#87&#101&#115&#116&#101&#114&#110 &#116&#111&#117&#114&#105&#115&#116 market. CHAPTER 7.1 SPOTLIGHT ON NORTH &#65&#77&#69&#82&#73&#67&#65 &#65&#78&#68 &#72&#65&#87&#65&#73&#73&#13&#10&#73&#110 &#49&#57&#54&#49&#44 V.E. Tyler &#98&#101&#99&#97&#109&#101 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#105&#114&#115&#116&#13&#10&#105&#110&#118&#101&#115&#116&#105&#103&#97&#116&#111&#114 &#116&#111 report the detection &#111&#102 &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#110 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#112&#101&#108&#108&#105&#99&#117&#108&#111&#115&#97 &#40&#83&#109&#105&#116&#104&#41 Singer & Smith, a North American mushroom species. &#79&#110&#101 &#121&#101&#97&#114&#13&#10&#108&#97&#116&#101&#114&#44 &#116&#119&#111 &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104 groups, working independently, discovered &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#110&#44 &#97&#115 &#119&#101&#108&#108 &#97&#115 psilocin, in samples &#111&#102 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#98&#97&#101&#111&#99&#121&#115&#116&#105&#115 &#83&#105&#110&#103&#101&#114 & Smith from &#116&#104&#101 &#80&#97&#99&#105&#102&#105&#99 &#78&#111&#114&#116&#104&#119&#101&#115&#116 &#114&#101&#103&#105&#111&#110 of North America. Additional chemical and taxonomic findin </p> There are more than 1 dozen species of "magic mushrooms" in Australia and New In addition, many early users of "magic mushrooms" in Australia may have first become aware of their mind-altering and visionary effects by reading the published literature or the many news items appearing in the popular Australian press during the late l960's and early l970's. These news items often described both accidental and deliberate intoxication's which resulted from the ingestion of several varieties of "magic mushrooms". For example, in 1972, one local newspaper report provided an account regarding the use of these mushrooms by young teenagers at a local high school in Brisbane: "...children at a suburban school are getting high on mushrooms called 'Gold Tops.' The mushrooms are common along the Brisbane River near Toowing High School, and children in search of `kicks' have been experimenting with them (Unsigned, 1972)." It would be very obvious to anyone who read this above mentioned news item, when it appeared in print, that those searching for hallucinogenic mushrooms would be able to find them if they so desired. There is yet another factor that may have played a significant role in promoting interest in the use of psychoactive mushrooms in Australia and NZ. Some drug users or mycophillic individuals may have read or heard of R. Gordon Wasson's personal account of his adventurous rediscovery of an hallucinogenic mushroom cult among the Mazatec Indians of Southern Mexico. Dr. Wasson reported the ceremonial use of certain mushrooms as divinatory substances among the Mazatecs and other native peoples in Oaxaca, Mexico (see Wasson, 1957). This journalistic report of Wasson's research expedition appeared in an international edition of Life Magazine in the late l950's, providing many drug users and others with the incentive to seek out, find, and eventually experiment with these mushrooms. several members &#111&#102 &#97 &#102&#97&#109&#105&#108&#121 &#101&#97&#116 the mushrooms &#116&#111&#103&#101&#116&#104&#101&#114&#58 &#105&#116 &#105&#115 &#110&#111&#116 &#117&#110&#99&#111&#109&#109&#111&#110 &#102&#111&#114 a father, &#109&#111&#116&#104&#101&#114&#44 &#99&#104&#105&#108&#100&#114&#101&#110&#44 &#117&#110&#99&#108&#101&#115&#44 &#97&#110&#100 aunts <i>mushrooms mushrooms cow dung mushrooms</i> &#116&#111 &#97&#108&#108 &#112&#97&#114&#116&#105&#99&#105&#112&#97&#116&#101 &#105&#110 these transformations &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#105&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#97&#116 elevate consciousness onto a higher &#112&#108&#97&#110&#46 &#84&#104&#101 &#107&#105&#110&#115&#104&#105&#112 &#114&#101&#108&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 is thus &#116&#104&#101 &#98&#97&#115&#105&#115 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#116&#114&#97&#110&#115&#99&#101&#110&#100&#101&#110&#116&#97&#108 subjectivity that &#72&#117&#115&#115&#101&#114&#108 &#115&#97&#105&#100 &#105&#115 &#105&#110&#116&#101&#114&#115&#117&#98&#106&#101&#99&#116&#105&#118&#105&#116&#121&#46 The mushrooms themselves &#97&#114&#101 &#101&#97&#116&#101&#110 &#105&#110 &#112&#97&#105&#114&#115&#44 a couple representing man and woman &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#115&#121&#109&#98&#111&#108&#105&#122&#101&#115 &#116&#104&#101 &#100&#117&#97&#108 principle of procreation and creation.<br> Then &#116&#104&#101&#121 &#115&#105&#116 &#116&#111&#103&#101&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#105&#110 their inner light, dream and realize &#97&#110&#100 &#99&#111&#110&#118&#101&#114&#115&#101 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#101&#97&#99&#104 other, presences seated there together, their bodies immaterialized by the &#98&#108&#97&#99&#107&#110&#101&#115&#115&#44 &#118&#111&#105&#99&#101&#115 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#119&#105&#116&#104&#111&#117&#116 their communality. In a general sense, for everyone present the purpose of the session is a therapeutic catharsis.<br> The chemicals of transformation of revelation that open the circuits of light, &#118&#105&#115&#105&#111&#110&#44 &#97&#110&#100 &#99&#111&#109&#109&#117&#110&#105&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#44 &#99&#97&#108&#108&#101&#100 by us mind-manifesting, were known &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 &#65&#109&#101&#114&#105&#99&#97&#110 &#73&#110&#100&#105&#97&#110&#115 as &#109&#101&#100&#105&#99&#105&#110&#101&#115&#58 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#101&#97&#110&#115 &#103&#105&#118&#101&#110 to men to know and to heal, to &#115&#101&#101 &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#111 &#115&#97&#121 the truth. Among the Mazatecs, many, one time &#111&#114 &#97&#110&#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#100&#117&#114&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 lives, have eaten the &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#44 &#119&#104&#101&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#116&#111 &#99&#117&#114&#101 themselves of an ailment or to &#114&#101&#115&#111&#108&#118&#101 &#97 &#112&#114&#111&#98&#108&#101&#109&#59 &#98&#117&#116 it is not &#101&#118&#101&#114&#121&#111&#110&#101 &#119&#104&#111 &#104&#97&#115 &#97 predilection &#102&#111&#114 &#115&#117&#99&#104 &#101&#120&#116&#114&#101&#109&#101 &#97&#110&#100 arduous experiences of the creative imagination or who would want <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/Psilocybe-Subaeruginosa-safe.htm" title="Psilocybe Subaeruginosa Safe" alt="Psilocybe Subaeruginosa Safe" >Psilocybe Subaeruginosa Safe</a> to repeat such journeys into the strange, unknown &#100&#101&#112&#116&#104&#115 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#98&#114&#97&#105&#110 &#118&#101&#114&#121 frequently: those who do are the shamans, the masters, whose vocation it is to eat the mushrooms because they are the men of the spirit, the men of language, the men of wisdom. They are individuals &#114&#101&#99&#111&#103&#110&#105&#122&#101&#100 &#98&#121 &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#112&#101&#111&#112&#108&#101 &#116&#111 be &#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#116 &#105&#110 &#115&#117&#99&#104 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#108&#111&#103&#105&#99&#97&#108 adventures, and when the others eat the mushrooms &#116&#104&#101&#121 &#97&#108&#119&#97&#121&#115 &#99&#97&#108&#108 &#116&#111 be with them, as &#97 &#103&#117&#105&#100&#101&#44 &#111&#110&#101 &#111&#102 those who is considered to be particularly acquainted with these modalities of &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#112&#105&#114&#105&#116&#46 &#84&#104&#101 &#109&#101&#100&#105&#99&#105&#110&#101 &#109&#97&#110 presides over the session, for just as the Mazatec family is paternal and authoritarian, &#116&#104&#101 &#108&#105&#98&#101&#114&#97&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#101&#110&#99&#101 &#117&#110&#102&#111&#108&#100&#115 &#105&#110 the authoritarian context of a situation in &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104&#44 &#114&#97&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#116&#104&#97&#110 &#98&#101&#105&#110&#103 allowed to speak or encouraged to &#101&#120&#112&#114&#101&#115&#115 &#116&#104&#101&#109&#115&#101&#108&#118&#101&#115&#44 &#101&#118&#101&#114&#121&#111&#110&#101 &#105&#115 enjoined to keep silent &#97&#110&#100 &#108&#105&#115&#116&#101&#110 &#119&#104&#105&#108&#101 &#116&#104&#101 shaman speaks for each of those who are present. As &#111&#110&#101 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#83&#112&#97&#110&#105&#115&#104 chroniclers of the New World said: "They pay a sorcerer who eats them &#91&#116&#104&#101 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#93 &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#101&#108&#108&#115 them &#119&#104&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#101&#121 &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#116&#97&#117&#103&#104&#116 him. He does so by means of &#97 &#114&#104&#121&#116&#104&#109&#105&#99 &#99&#104&#97&#110&#116 &#105&#110 full voice."several &#109&#101&#109&#98&#101&#114&#115 &#111&#102 &#97 &#102&#97&#109&#105&#108&#121 eat &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#116&#111&#103&#101&#116&#104&#101&#114&#58 &#105&#116 &#105&#115 not uncommon for a father, mother, children, &#117&#110&#99&#108&#101&#115&#44 &#97&#110&#100 &#97&#117&#110&#116&#115 &#116&#111 all participate in these transformations of the mind that &#101&#108&#101&#118&#97&#116&#101 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115 &#111&#110&#116&#111 &#97 higher plan. The kinship relation is thus &#116&#104&#101 &#98&#97&#115&#105&#115 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 transcendental subjectivity that Husserl said is intersubjectivity. The mushrooms themselves are eaten in &#112&#97&#105&#114&#115&#44 &#97 &#99&#111&#117&#112&#108&#101 &#114&#101&#112&#114&#101&#115&#101&#110&#116&#105&#110&#103 man and woman that symbolizes the dual principle of procreation and creation. Then they sit together in their inner light, dream &#97&#110&#100 &#114&#101&#97&#108&#105&#122&#101 &#97&#110&#100 &#99&#111&#110&#118&#101&#114&#115&#101 &#119&#105&#116&#104 each other, presences &#115&#101&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#116&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#116&#111&#103&#101&#116&#104&#101&#114&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 bodies immaterialized by &#116&#104&#101 &#98&#108&#97&#99&#107&#110&#101&#115&#115&#44 &#118&#111&#105&#99&#101&#115 &#102&#114&#111&#109 without their communality. In a general sense, for everyone present the purpose of the session is &#97 &#116&#104&#101&#114&#97&#112&#101&#117&#116&#105&#99 &#99&#97&#116&#104&#97&#114&#115&#105&#115&#46 &#84&#104&#101 chemicals of transformation of revelation that open the circuits &#111&#102 &#108&#105&#103&#104&#116&#44 &#118&#105&#115&#105&#111&#110&#44 &#97&#110&#100 communication, &#99&#97&#108&#108&#101&#100 &#98&#121 &#117&#115 &#109&#105&#110&#100&#45&#109&#97&#110&#105&#102&#101&#115&#116&#105&#110&#103&#44 &#119&#101&#114&#101 known to the American Indians as medicines: the means given to men &#116&#111 &#107&#110&#111&#119 &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#111 heal, to see and to say the truth. Among &#116&#104&#101 &#77&#97&#122&#97&#116&#101&#99&#115&#44 &#109&#97&#110&#121&#44 &#111&#110&#101 time or another during their lives, have eaten the mushrooms, whether to cure themselves of an ailment or to resolve a problem; but it &#105&#115 &#110&#111&#116 &#101&#118&#101&#114&#121&#111&#110&#101 &#119&#104&#111 &#104&#97&#115 a predilection &#102&#111&#114 &#115&#117&#99&#104 &#101&#120&#116&#114&#101&#109&#101 &#97&#110&#100 arduous experiences of the &#99&#114&#101&#97&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#105&#109&#97&#103&#105&#110&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#114 &#119&#104&#111 would want to repeat such journeys into &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#116&#114&#97&#110&#103&#101&#44 &#117&#110&#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#100&#101&#112&#116&#104&#115 &#111&#102 the brain very frequently: those who &#100&#111 &#97&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#104&#97&#109&#97&#110&#115&#44 the masters, whose vocation it &#105&#115 &#116&#111 &#101&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#101 mushrooms &#98&#101&#99&#97&#117&#115&#101 &#116&#104&#101&#121 &#97&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#101 men of the spirit, the men &#111&#102 &#108&#97&#110&#103&#117&#97&#103&#101&#44 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#101&#110 of wisdom. &#84&#104&#101&#121 &#97&#114&#101 &#105&#110&#100&#105&#118&#105&#100&#117&#97&#108&#115 &#114&#101&#99&#111&#103&#110&#105&#122&#101&#100 by their people to be expert in such &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#108&#111&#103&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#97&#100&#118&#101&#110&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115&#44 &#97&#110&#100 &#119&#104&#101&#110 the others &#101&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#116&#104&#101&#121 always call to be with them, &#97&#115 &#97 &#103&#117&#105&#100&#101&#44 &#111&#110&#101 of those &#119&#104&#111 &#105&#115 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#105&#100&#101&#114&#101&#100 &#116&#111 be particularly acquainted with &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#109&#111&#100&#97&#108&#105&#116&#105&#101&#115 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 spirit. The medicine &#109&#97&#110 &#112&#114&#101&#115&#105&#100&#101&#115 &#111&#118&#101&#114 &#116&#104&#101 session, &#102&#111&#114 &#106&#117&#115&#116 &#97&#115 &#116&#104&#101 Mazatec family is paternal and authoritarian, &#116&#104&#101 &#108&#105&#98&#101&#114&#97&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#101&#110&#99&#101 &#117&#110&#102&#111&#108&#100&#115 in the authoritarian context of &#97 &#115&#105&#116&#117&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#105&#110 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104&#44 rather than being allowed to speak &#111&#114 &#101&#110&#99&#111&#117&#114&#97&#103&#101&#100 &#116&#111 &#101&#120&#112&#114&#101&#115&#115 themselves, everyone is &#101&#110&#106&#111&#105&#110&#101&#100 &#116&#111 &#107&#101&#101&#112 &#115&#105&#108&#101&#110&#116 and listen &#119&#104&#105&#108&#101 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#104&#97&#109&#97&#110 &#115&#112&#101&#97&#107&#115 for each &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#111&#115&#101 &#119&#104&#111 &#97&#114&#101 present.<br> As one of the early Spanish 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