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The question of dosage is often confused by the variation in the source of the hallucinogenic mushroom species which is consumed. For example, Psilocybe cubensis, when picked and eaten from its natural dung (manure) habitat, produces a relatively mild mindaltering experience, which is evident from the large amounts of fresh specimens needed to achieve a threshold experience. However when grown in vitro (indoor laboratory cultivation and/or illicit cultivation), Psilocybe cubensis apparently can produce a more potent strain capable of inducing a very intense visual, sometimes quite disturbing, experience. This dosage assumes that the consumption of 1 to 3 gm of dried material would be too low if the mushroom specimen came from a wild source. This low potency for Psilocybe cubensis has been confirmed by research scientists Margot & Watling, (1981), who were surprised by the comparatively small amounts of psilocybin and psilocin which they extracted from wild specimens collected from five different locations in Australia. This suggests that a much larger dose would be required to produce significant hallucinations. It is possible that the chemicals most likely degenerated between the time that they were harvested and the time of analysis. However, it should be noted that a strain of Psilocybe cubensis producing different flushes (harvests) will vary somewhat in potency between flushes. by A. Hofmann, Sandoz Pharmaceuticals manufactured about 2 kg (ca. 4.4lbs) of pure psilocybin for scientific research purposes. The results of pharmacological testing soon revealed psilocybin as an alkaloid that was perfectly safe for human subjects under controlled experimental conditions. Despite this evidence, the anti-drug legislative framework of the mid1960s firmly established an "official mycophobia", a misguided, yet entrenched policy that still prevails today and effectively prevents the scientific investigation of promising potential applications for psilocybin and other alkaloids. At the same time, mycological and biochemical research studies have shown that psilocybincontaining mushrooms thrive all over the world and can be found on all continents. These mushrooms are no different from any other mycoflora and must not be excluded from scientific investigation because of their alkaloid content. In addition to overall variations in value systems across cultures, individuals tend to develop their own personal attitudes towards mushrooms in general. Oftentimes, the evolution of specific opinions about mushrooms can be traced back to childhood events, even though such early experiences seldom account for the development of prevailing biases and value systems later in life. I recall an incident from my own childhood, which occurred when I was about five years old. I was playing in a grassy meadow, when a girl pointed to a brown mushroom and earnestly explained that it was inedible and poisonous. While I have never forgotten this encounter, I did grow up to become a devoted mushroom enthusiast. On the other hand, a different childhood event has left me with the vivid memory of discovering a landfill virtually covered with vast numbers of gilled bluing mushrooms and the sense of awe I experienced contemplating this sight. In general, the unusual characteristics of these mushrooms are most likely responsible for strong impressions formed early in life, which then may develop into various attitudes or beliefs later on. An enduring personal interest in psychotropic mushroom species can serve to amplify or diminish mycophobic as well as mycophilic dispositions, depending on the influence of other factors. After all, judgments about the benefit or folly of deliberately altering one's state of consciousness are also colored by individual preferences, biases and opinions. The following chapters are meant to illustrate this diversity of attitudes towards psychotropic mushrooms. Descriptions of planned and involuntary experiments with specific mushroom species offer convincing evidence that the effects of psychoactive mushrooms are open to many possible interpretations. CHAPTER 3 THE CURRENT STATE OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT EUROPEAN SPECIES Figure 7 - Distribution pattern of Psilocybe cyanescens across Europe and North Africa (according to Krieglsteiner). Black dots indicate approximate locatio <br /><br /> <img border="0" src="/images/buy-shrooms-in-USA.jpg" > As they say, ʼTis the season to be pickingʼ, but make e creek on wood chips of Carpinus, Alnus and Salix, on raw compost mixtures of Picea, Pinus and Larix needles, as Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Figure 21 - Fruiting curve of Psilocybe cyanescens based on observations at several locations in the former Czechoslovakia. The mycelia make use of different kinds of plant debris and even grow on wet cardboard, where they develop into rhizomorphs just like they would in nature. Rhizomorphs are thick strands of mycelia that serve to transport nutrients and water. They also develop intense blue stains (see Figure 22). Figure 23 Distribution pattern of Psilocybe cyanescens in Germany and adjacent areas (according to Krieglsteiner). Locations are indicated by black dots. Figure 22 Psilocybe bohemica rhizomorphs growing on wet cardboard. Figure 24 - Psilocybe cyanescens at a natural location (USA). Figure 25 - Psilocybe bohemica on twigs and leaves. Impressive Experiences Psilocybe bohemica is a very psychoactive species. Its effects are vividly documented in the following account of one natural scientist's experience as part of controlled clinical trials in Prague: About 30 mg of psilocybin in mushroom tissue was prepared in hot water, with effects already noticeable ten minutes after ingestion. I grew increasingly quiet. At first, my legs began to tingle, then my underarms as well. Aside from a deeper breathing rhythm, few other somatic effects were noted. Initially there were fits of laughter caused by unusual cognitive associations; this laughter also affected the two "sober" guides. A growing hyperacuity interfered with the ability to listen to music, so that Vivaldi's "Springtime" caused painful stabs inside the brain. I compared the pain to that caused by a "sawing knife". The experimenters appeared bloated and yellow... Existing bodily characteristics, such as thinning hair stimulated a person's illusionary transformation into a monk with tonsure. Their voices also appeared reverent and, from a somewhat paranoid point of view, these gentlemen at times seemed to be working a switching station that, for some reasons, was my enemy. At the same time, I found both of them to be quite likeable. During this time period, the other female subject perceived fantastic images of moving colors and saw visions of her whole life unfolding behind closed eyes. During this period, I had the distinct impression that an electrical current was flowing through my body, which was not an uncomfortable sensation. About three hours later, the gentlemen retired to the kitchen and the nature of the experience changed quite drastically. At first I felt as if my legs were increasingly merging into the wall, a very comfortable experience. In a state of utter clarity of consciousness, I finally felt as if I had no body at all. I said. "The most descriptive expression is the experience of a pure soul". Using words as triggers, we were able to induce shared experiences o<br /> </p> <h2></h2> <p> <p align="justify"> &#46 &#70&#111&#114&#13&#10&#116&#104&#97&#116 &#114&#101&#97&#115&#111&#110&#44 &#102&#114&#101&#101&#122&#101&#45&#100&#114&#105&#101&#100 samples for biochemical analysis are stored &#97&#116 &#45&#49&#48&#176&#67 &#112&#114&#105&#111&#114 &#116&#111 alkaloid extractions or chromatography testing. In addition to the reports from Finland, &#105&#110&#118&#101&#115&#116&#105&#103&#97&#116&#111&#114&#115 &#105&#110 &#78&#111&#114&#116&#104&#13&#10&#65&#109&#101&#114&#105&#99&#97 &#104&#97&#118&#101 noted that psilocybin's decay rate is slowest in Psilocybe semilanceata, compared to other species.<br> (1) &#82 &#61 <H3>psylocibe grow farm amsterdam</H3> &#72&#50&#80&#48&#51&#13&#10&#40&#50&#41 &#82 = H Figure 19 - &#83&#116&#114&#117&#99&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108 &#102&#111&#114&#109&#117&#108&#97&#115 &#102&#111&#114&#13&#10&#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#110 &#40&#49&#41 and psilocin (2). CH3 CH3 Psilocybe semilanceata Figure 20 - Distribution pattern of Psilocybe semilanceata in &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121 &#97&#110&#100 &#97&#100&#106&#97&#99&#101&#110&#116 &#97&#114&#101&#97&#115&#46&#13&#10&#76&#111&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 are &#105&#110&#100&#105&#99&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#98&#121 &#98&#108&#97&#99&#107 &#100&#111&#116&#115&#46&#13&#10&#67&#72&#65&#80&#84&#69&#82 3.<br>2 PSILOCYBE CYANESCENS - POTENT MUSHROOMS GROWING ON WOOD DEBRIS At least one other Psilocybe species in addition to Psilocybe semilanceata is known to exist in Europe.<br> At &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#112&#111&#105&#110&#116&#44 &#73 &#109&#117&#115&#116 emphasize that the differentiation &#111&#102 &#115&#105&#110&#103&#108&#101 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#119&#105&#116&#104&#105&#110&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 genus is &#115&#117&#98&#106&#101&#99&#116 &#116&#111 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#105&#100&#101&#114&#97&#98&#108&#101&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#116&#114&#111&#118&#101&#114&#115&#121 &#97&#109&#111&#110&#103 eminent taxonomists.<br> For example, there are different methods of distinguishing the Hypholoma &#103&#101&#110&#117&#115 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#83&#116&#114&#111&#112&#104&#97&#114&#105&#97 &#103&#101&#110&#117&#115&#46&#13&#10&#84&#104&#101 Widespread Distribution of Psilocybe cyanescens While Psilocybe semilanceata is a species that has long been clearly defined and is well known &#98&#121 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#110&#97&#109&#101&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#114&#101 are, according to Krieglsteiner, other strongly bluing mushrooms that can be &#100&#101&#115&#99&#114&#105&#98&#101&#100 &#97&#115 &#98&#101&#108&#111&#110&#103&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#111 the "Psilocybe cyanescens complex". &#84&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#97&#114&#101 &#97&#108&#108&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116 grow on raw compost &#97&#110&#100 &#112&#108&#97&#110&#116&#13&#10&#100&#101&#98&#114&#105&#115&#46&#13&#10&#73&#110 &#97&#99&#99&#111&#114&#100&#97&#110&#99&#101 &#119&#105&#116&#104 current states of knowledge, the following names &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#108&#105&#116&#101&#114&#97&#116&#117&#114&#101&#13&#10&#97&#114&#101 &#109&#101&#114&#101&#108&#121 synonyms for Psilocybe cyanescens Wakefield emend. Krieglsteiner: different herbariums. However, the microscopic data pertaining to the Psilocybe species &#97&#114&#101 &#112&#111&#111&#114&#108&#121&#13&#10&#100&#101&#108&#105&#110&#101&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#97&#110&#100 &#111&#102&#116&#101&#110&#116&#105&#109&#101&#115 overlap. It is &#116&#104&#101&#114&#101&#102&#111&#114&#101&#13&#10&#105&#109&#112&#101&#114&#97&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#97&#100&#100&#105&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 &#109&#121&#99&#111&#108&#111&#103&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#115&#116&#117&#100&#105&#101&#115 of Psilocybe cyanescens be performed. To this end, fresh mushroom samples &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#118&#97&#114&#105&#111&#117&#115 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110&#13&#10&#108&#111&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#115&#104&#111&#117&#108&#100 &#98&#101 &#117&#115&#101&#100&#44 and biochemical methods must be &#105&#110&#99&#108&#117&#100&#101&#100 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#105&#110&#118&#101&#115&#116&#105&#103&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#46 &#71&#117&#122&#109&#97&#110&#39&#115&#13&#10&#100&#105&#118&#105&#115&#105&#111&#110 of Psilocybe cyanescens by geographic area, however, definitely &#116&#117&#114&#110&#101&#100 &#111&#117&#116 &#116&#111 &#98&#101&#13&#10&#105&#110&#97&#99&#99&#117&#114&#97&#116&#101&#46 According to his system, -North Africa was home to &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#109&#97&#105&#114&#101&#105&#44 &#119&#104&#105&#108&#101 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101&#13&#10&#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115 were found in England &#97&#110&#100 &#72&#111&#108&#108&#97&#110&#100 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#115&#101&#114&#98&#105&#99&#97 supposedly grew in Serbia and Bohemia. The geographic distribution of the entire species seems to cover a vast &#97&#114&#101&#97&#44 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#118&#97&#114&#105&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115&#13&#10&#97&#108&#111&#110&#103 &#99&#108&#105&#109&#97&#116&#101 and terrain at &#108&#111&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#119&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#115&#97&#109&#112&#108&#101&#115&#13&#10&#119&#101&#114&#101 &#99&#111&#108&#108&#101&#99&#116&#101&#100&#46 &#83&#117&#99&#104 disparate morphologies are to be expected when dealing with &#34&#121&#111&#117&#110&#103&#34 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#44&#13&#10&#116&#104&#97&#116 &#105&#115&#44 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 that have not yet firmly established themselves and are still &#101&#120&#112&#97&#110&#100&#105&#110&#103 &#105&#110&#116&#111 &#110&#101&#119&#13&#10&#108&#111&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115&#46&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#55 (p. 14) displays &#108&#111&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 &#97&#110&#100 &#78&#111&#114&#116&#104 Africa where samples of Psilocybe cyanescens have &#98&#101&#101&#110 &#102&#111&#117&#110&#100&#46&#13&#10&#45 &#72&#121&#112&#104&#111&#108&#111&#109&#97 &#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115 R. Maire - Hypholoma coprinifacies (Rolland ss. Herink) Pouzar - Geophila cyanescens &#40&#82&#46 <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/Psilocybe-in-romania.htm" title="Psilocybe In Romania" alt="Psilocybe In Romania" >Psilocybe In Romania</a> &#77&#97&#105&#114&#101&#41 &#75&#117&#104&#110&#101&#114 &#38&#13&#10&#82&#111&#109&#97&#103&#110&#101&#115&#105&#13&#10&#45 Psilocybe serbica &#77&#111&#115&#101&#114 &#38 &#72&#111&#114&#97&#107&#13&#10&#45 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 mairei Singer - Psilocyb </p> own cause of death and disease, bloated stomachs and insanity. Beliefs such as these have survived to the present day. They persist, for example,,, as figures of speech, s u c h as the slick Austrian description of a societal misfit as someone "who ate those madness-inducing mushrooms." But, there is another, very different, magic mushroom legacy as well. Flesh of the Gods for Devil Worshippers The Old World. Mycenaean civilization began with a mushroom trip -Mushrooms were an ingredient in the ambrosia of Dionysus. Porphyrius, the fourth century Latin poet and contemporary of Emperor Konstantin, knew that magic mushrooms were the children of the gods. WHO WAS THE FIRST MAGICIAN? A quasi-cannibalistic ritual, the act of eating the children of the gods unlocked one's power to experience the truly divine. But not all mushrooms enable human beings to enter the realm of divine consciousness. This magic power resides in only those fungi known as "fool's mushrooms", which were considered poisonous and believed to be the spawn of the Devil throughout the late Middle Ages and well into modern times. The New World: The Aztecs in Mexico referred to a number of small, inconspicuous mushrooms as teonartacatl, or "flesh of the Gods." These sacred mushrooms were eaten during the course of rituals intended to contact the Gods in order to learn about the world and the realm of the divine. These magic mushroom rituals thoroughly spooked the Catholic Spaniards. The mushroom eaters, commonly thought of as Devil worshippers, were hounded by the Inquisition. Still, all good things survive the tests of time, so the cult of magic mushroom eaters did not become extinct. Like mycelia underground, the cult continued to flourish, and at the proper time in recorded history, in 1957, the fruit of the fully grown mushroom re-surfaced to draw widespread public attention. Valentine and Gordon Wasson became the heroes of the modern neo-mycophilic movement. Back to the Old World: The revelations and insights gained from the use of psychoactive mushrooms were so magically wonderful, that our native European "fool's mushrooms" - which were gene ; considered inedible - had to be recognized as closely related to the magic mushrooms of Mexico, the flesh of the Aztec Gods. The souls of magic mushrooms in Mexico and Germany are essentially made from the same substance: psilocybin. Jochen Gartz has made an extraordinary contribution to the field of mycology by embracing Germany's magic mushrooms and the scientific study and testing of these fungi. The research efforts upon which this book is based require nothing less than a fearless, brave and courageous consciousness, free of prejudice and mycophobia. I am convinced that a researcher's consciousness infused by the spirit of the magic mushroom is capable of far deeper scientific insights than we can ever expect from the usual ivory tower academics, isolated from reality e creek on wood chips of Carpinus, Alnus and Salix, on raw compost mixtures of Picea, Pinus and Larix needles, as Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Figure 21 - Fruiting curve of Psilocybe cyanescens based on observations at several locations in the former Czechoslovakia. The mycelia make use of different kinds of plant debris and even grow on wet cardboard, where they develop into rhizomorphs just like they would in nature. Rhizomorphs are thick strands of mycelia that serve to transport nutrients and water. They also develop intense blue stains (see Figure 22). Figure 23 Distribution pattern of Psilocybe cyanescens in Germany and adjacent areas (according to Krieglsteiner). Locations are indicated by black dots. Figure 22 Psilocybe bohemica rhizomorphs growing on wet cardboard. Figure 24 - Psilocybe cyanescens at a natural location (USA). Figure 25 - Psilocybe bohemica on twigs and leaves. Impressive Experiences Psilocybe bohemica is a very psychoactive species. Its effects are vividly documented in the following account of one natural scientist's experience as part of controlled clinical trials in Prague: About 30 mg of psilocybin in mushroom tissue was prepared in hot water, with effects already noticeable ten minutes after ingestion. I grew increasingly quiet. At first, my legs began to tingle, then my underarms as well. Aside from a deeper breathing rhythm, few other somatic effects were noted. Initially there were fits of laughter caused by unusual cognitive associations; this laughter also affected the two "sober" guides. A growing hyperacuity interfered with the ability to listen to music, so that Vivaldi's "Springtime" caused painful stabs inside the brain. I compared the pain to that caused by a "sawing knife". The experimenters appeared bloated and yellow... Existing bodily characteristics, such as thinning hair stimulated a person's illusionary transformation into a monk with tonsure. Their voices also appeared reverent and, from a somewhat paranoid point of view, these gentlemen at times seemed to be working a switching station that, for some reasons, was my enemy. At the same time, I found both of them to be quite likeable. During this time period, the other female subject perceived fantastic images of moving colors and saw visions of her whole life unfolding behind closed eyes. During this period, I had the distinct impression that an electrical current was flowing through my body, which was not an uncomfortable sensation. About three hours later, the gentlemen retired to the kitchen and the nature of the experience changed quite drastically. At first I felt as if my legs were increasingly merging into the wall, a very comfortable experience. In a state of utter clarity of consciousness, I finally felt as if I had no body at all. I said. "The most descriptive expression is the experience of a pure soul". Using words as triggers, we were able to induce shared experiences o <p align="justify"> xican mushroom species, so &#116&#104&#97&#116&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#109&#97&#116&#101&#114&#105&#97&#108&#115 &#110&#101&#101&#100 &#110&#111&#116 be &#114&#101&#112&#101&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#105&#115&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#116&#101&#120&#116&#46 &#72&#111&#119&#101&#118&#101&#114&#44 certain &#97&#115&#112&#101&#99&#116&#115 &#99&#111&#110&#99&#101&#114&#110&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#109&#111&#114&#101 &#114&#101&#99&#101&#110&#116 uses of these mushrooms as &#119&#101&#108&#108 &#97&#115&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#99&#111&#110&#100&#105&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 psylocibe farm amsterdam grow &#111&#102 growth will receive &#109&#111&#114&#101&#13&#10&#100&#101&#116&#97&#105&#108&#101&#100 &#97&#116&#116&#101&#110&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#105&#110 &#108&#97&#116&#101&#114 &#99&#104&#97&#112&#116&#101&#114&#115&#46&#13&#10&#84&#104&#101 main purpose of this book is to inspire &#102&#117&#114&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#115&#116&#117&#100&#121 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 mushrooms, particularly basic research efforts and &#109&#101&#100&#105&#99&#97&#108&#13&#10&#97&#112&#112&#108&#105&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#111&#102 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 ingredients.<br> The &#101&#120&#116&#101&#110&#115&#105&#118&#101 &#98&#105&#98&#108&#105&#111&#103&#114&#97&#112&#104&#121 &#119&#105&#108&#108 &#104&#101&#108&#112&#13&#10&#115&#99&#105&#101&#110&#116&#105&#115&#116&#115 and other interested mycophiles to further immerse themselves in this complex area of &#115&#116&#117&#100&#121&#46&#13&#10&#74&#111&#99&#104&#101&#110 &#71&#97&#114&#116&#122&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#54 &#45 Bronze doors with &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#109&#111&#116&#105&#102 &#101&#110&#116&#105&#116&#108&#101&#100 &#34&#84&#114&#105&#97&#108 and Judgment" &#97&#116 &#72&#105&#108&#100&#101&#115&#104&#101&#105&#109 &#67&#97&#116&#104&#101&#100&#114&#97&#108&#44 &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121 &#40&#99&#97&#46 &#49&#48&#50&#48&#41&#46&#13&#10&#67&#72&#65&#80&#84&#69&#82 2 REFLECTIONS ON THE HISTORY AND SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF MAGIC &#77&#85&#83&#72&#82&#79&#79&#77&#83&#13&#10&#73&#116 &#105&#115 &#114&#101&#109&#97&#114&#107&#97&#98&#108&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#116 cultures native to the American continent knew about a relatively large number of natural mind-altering substances compared to &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#101&#118&#111&#108&#118&#101&#100 in Europe or Asia. Botanical evidence does not support the notion that &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 &#105&#115 &#104&#111&#109&#101 &#116&#111 fewer &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#105&#99&#13&#10&#112&#108&#97&#110&#116&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#110 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#114&#101&#103&#105&#111&#110&#115&#46 &#70&#117&#114&#116&#104&#101&#114&#109&#111&#114&#101&#44 the growing number &#111&#102 &#114&#101&#99&#101&#110&#116&#108&#121 &#100&#105&#115&#99&#111&#118&#101&#114&#101&#100 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 species containing psilocybin indicate a flourishing psychotropic mycoflora &#105&#110 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#13&#10&#115&#105&#109&#105&#108&#97&#114 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#111&#115&#101 found &#105&#110 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#99&#111&#117&#110&#116&#114&#105&#101&#115&#46&#13&#10&#73&#116 &#105&#115 &#117&#110&#108&#105&#107&#101&#108&#121 that early European cultures learned less about local plants &#97&#110&#100 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#13&#10&#116&#104&#114&#111&#117&#103&#104 &#117&#115&#97&#103&#101 &#97&#110&#100 experience than cultures elsewhere in &#116&#104&#101 &#119&#111&#114&#108&#100&#46 &#77&#111&#115&#116 &#108&#105&#107&#101&#108&#121&#44 early cultural knowledge of European psychoactive &#112&#108&#97&#110&#116&#115 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#97&#115 &#108&#111&#115&#116 or destroyed at &#115&#111&#109&#101 &#116&#105&#109&#101 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#104&#105&#115&#116&#111&#114&#121&#44 &#112&#114&#111&#98&#97&#98&#108&#121 &#97&#115 early as several hundred years ago. The discovery that the fly &#97&#103&#97&#114&#105&#99&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#40&#65&#109&#97&#110&#105&#116&#97 &#109&#117&#115&#99&#97&#114&#105&#97&#41 &#119&#97&#115 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 for its psychoactive properties in Siberia invited the conclusion that this mushroom was used as &#97&#13&#10&#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#116&#114&#111&#112&#105&#99 &#97&#103&#101&#110&#116 &#105&#110 &#109&#101&#100&#105&#101&#118&#97&#108 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 as &#119&#101&#108&#108&#46 &#73&#110&#13&#10&#102&#97&#99&#116&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#105&#115 very little evidence from the Middle Ages &#116&#111 &#105&#110&#100&#105&#99&#97&#116&#101 &#119&#105&#100&#101&#115&#112&#114&#101&#97&#100 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#108&#101&#100&#103&#101 of the effects &#111&#102 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#102&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#111&#110 human consciousness. &#72&#111&#119&#101&#118&#101&#114&#44 &#73 &#98&#101&#108&#105&#101&#118&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#116 past reports on psychoactive mushrooms were causally linked to Amanita &#109&#117&#115&#99&#97&#114&#105&#97 &#115&#105&#109&#112&#108&#121 &#98&#101&#99&#97&#117&#115&#101 &#116&#104&#105&#115 was the only known psychotropic &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#105&#110 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 &#97&#116&#13&#10&#116&#104&#97&#116 time.<br> While the usage of Amanita muscaria among Siberian tribes has generated reports of spectacular &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115&#44 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 &#97&#99&#99&#111&#117&#110&#116&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#102&#108&#121 agaric intoxications do &#110&#111&#116 &#103&#101&#110&#101&#114&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#105&#110&#99&#108&#117&#100&#101&#13&#10&#100&#101&#115&#99&#114&#105&#112&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#111&#102 &#115&#117&#99&#104 intensely hallucinatory effects.<br> Accordingly, the potent &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#105&#99&#13&#10&#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115 &#111&#102 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#102&#105&#99 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101&#115 and related species are &#108&#105&#107&#101&#108&#121 &#116&#111 &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#104&#97&#100 a &#109&#117&#99&#104 &#109&#111&#114&#101 &#115&#105&#103&#110&#105&#102&#105&#99&#97&#110&#116&#13&#10&#105&#110&#102&#108&#117&#101&#110&#99&#101 &#111&#110 early European cultures than the delirium-like &#118&#105&#115&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#105&#110&#100&#117&#99&#101&#100 &#98&#121 &#65&#109&#97&#110&#105&#116&#97&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#99&#97&#114&#105&#97&#44 a &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#105&#115 &#97&#108&#115&#111 known to induce unconsciousness and severe &#115&#111&#109&#97&#116&#105&#99 &#115&#105&#100&#101 &#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115&#46&#13&#10&#84&#104&#105&#115 &#104&#121&#112&#111&#116&#104&#101&#115&#105&#115 is &#99&#111&#114&#114&#111&#98&#111&#114&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#98&#121 &#100&#97&#116&#97 &#102&#114&#111&#109&#13&#10&#99&#111&#109&#112&#114&#101&#104&#101&#110&#115&#105&#118&#101 field &#115&#116&#117&#100&#105&#101&#115 &#99&#111&#110&#100&#117&#99&#116&#101&#100 &#105&#110 &#77&#101&#120&#105&#99&#111&#46&#13&#10&#73 believe that historic accounts including those described below &#45 &#105&#110&#100&#105&#99&#97&#116&#101 <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/blue-meanies-gold-caps.htm" title="Blue Meanies Gold Caps" alt="Blue Meanies Gold Caps" >Blue Meanies Gold Caps</a> &#97 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#108&#101&#100&#103&#101 of </p> JOCHEN GARTZ MAGIC MUSHROOMS Around the World A Scientific Journey Across Cultures and Time The Case for Challenging Research and Value Systems * LIS PUBLICATIONS * LOS ANGELES, CA* Figure 1 - Water Color Painting of Psilocybe semilanceata (Germany, 1927) TABLE OF CONTENT (With Active Links' Just Click On A Subject To Go To The Page) "Who Was the First Magician?" - Foreword by Christian Ratsch 7 1. Introduction 9 2. Reflections on the History and Scientific Study of Magic Mushrooms 10 3. The Current State of Knowledge About European Species 14 3.1 Psilocybe semilanceata: The Classic Species Among European Psychotropic Mushrooms 16 3.2 Psilocybe cyanescens: Potent Mushrooms Growing on Wood Debris 29 3.3 Panaeolus subbalteatus: Mycology and Myths about the Panaeolus Species 37 3.4 Inocybe aeruginascens: Fast-Spreading New Arrivals 44 3.5 Gymnopilus purpuratus: Magnificent Mushrooms from South America 51 3.6 Conocybe cyanopus: Tiny Mushrooms of Remarkable Potency 55 3.7 Pluteus salicinus: A Little-known Wood-Inhabiting Species 58 4. Mushroom Identification: Taxonomic Confusion and the Potential for Deadly Mistakes 61 5. The Bluing Phenomenon and Metol Testing: Reality vs. Wishful Thinking 63 6. Mushroom Cultivation: Classic Findings and New Techniques 66 7. Psychotropic Mushroom Species Around the World 77 7.1 Spotlight on North America and Hawaii 79 7.2 Mycophilia in Central and South America 82 7.3 Australia's Mycoflora Attracts Attention 84 7.4 European Customs and Conventions 87 7.5 Japanese Experimentation 93 7.6 Intoxications and the Oldest Known Mushroom Cult in Africa 95 7.7 Usage in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific Islands 98 8. Some Comments on Effects of Mushrooms from the Category Phantastika 102 9. Psychotherapy 108 10. Outlook 114 11. Bibliography 120 Index 129 Figure 2 - Psilocybe cubensis from Australia Figure 3 - Water color painting of Panaeolus subbalteatus (Germany, 1927). Figure 4 - Fresh Panaeolus subbalteatus mushrooms. FOREWORD Nobody knows precisely when the first magic mushroom emerged from the shadows of prehistory to enter the light of consciousness. Nobody knows when the first magic mushroom was eaten by a human being. Nobody knows just who the first magic mushroom eater was. In seeking answers to these questions, we can only speculate. Mycophobes, however, are quick to voice their conviction that only a fool would be reckless enough to want to attain a higher state of consciousness beyond the boundaries of everyday reality. And only a fool would attempt to do this by ingesting those odd little things that mysteriously thrive on decaying, humid soil, rotten wood and malodorous mounds of cow manure. Historically, magic, mushrooms have been feared and hated` since antiquity: magic mushrooms were thought to be made from poisons that had dripped from serpents' fangs; they were considered to be unclean emissions of evil spirits; moreover, mushrooms were a kn <p align="center"> Existing evidence Halucinogen Mushrooms indicates that man in the Old &#87&#111&#114&#108&#100 &#8212&#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#44 &#65&#115&#105&#97&#44 &#65&#102&#114&#105&#99&#97&#44 and Australia—has made less use of native plants and shrubs for their hallucinogenic properties than has man in the New World. &#84&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#105&#115 &#108&#105&#116&#116&#108&#101 &#114&#101&#97&#115&#111&#110 to believe that the &#118&#101&#103&#101&#116&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 &#111&#110&#101 &#104&#97&#108&#102 of the globe is poorer &#111&#114 &#114&#105&#99&#104&#101&#114 &#105&#110 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 with &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#105&#99 &#112&#114&#111&#112&#101&#114&#116&#105&#101&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#104&#97&#108&#102&#46 Why, &#116&#104&#101&#110&#44 &#115&#104&#111&#117&#108&#100 &#116&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#98&#101 &#115&#117&#99&#104 disparity? &#72&#97&#115 &#109&#97&#110 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 Old &#87&#111&#114&#108&#100 &#115&#105&#109&#112&#108&#121 &#110&#111&#116 &#100&#105&#115&#99&#111&#118&#101&#114&#101&#100 many of the native &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#105&#99 &#112&#108&#97&#110&#116&#115&#63 &#65&#114&#101 &#115&#111&#109&#101 of &#116&#104&#101&#109 &#116&#111&#111 &#116&#111&#120&#105&#99 &#105&#110 other ways to be utilized? &#79&#114 &#104&#97&#115 &#109&#97&#110 &#105&#110 the &#79&#108&#100 &#87&#111&#114&#108&#100 &#98&#101&#101&#110 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108&#108&#121 less interested in &#110&#97&#114&#99&#111&#116&#105&#99&#115&#63 &#87&#101 &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#110&#111 &#114&#101&#97&#108 answer. But we do know that the Old World &#104&#97&#115 &#102&#101&#119&#101&#114 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 employed hallucinogenically than does the New World: compared with only 15 or 20 species &#117&#115&#101&#100 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#69&#97&#115&#116&#101&#114&#110 Hemisphere, &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#117&#115&#101&#100 &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#105&#99&#97&#108&#108&#121 in the Western Hemisphere number more than &#49&#48&#48&#33 &#89&#101&#116 &#115&#111&#109&#101 &#111&#102 the Old World hallucinogens &#116&#111&#100&#97&#121 &#104&#111&#108&#100 &#112&#108&#97&#99&#101&#115 &#111&#102 primacy throughout the world. Cannabis, undoubtedly the most widespread of all &#116&#104&#101 &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#115&#44 &#105&#115 &#112&#101&#114&#104&#97&#112&#115 the &#98&#101&#115&#116 &#101&#120&#97&#109&#112&#108&#101&#46 &#84&#104&#101 &#115&#101&#118&#101&#114&#97&#108 solanaceous ingredients &#111&#102 &#109&#101&#100&#105&#101&#118&#97&#108 &#119&#105&#116&#99&#104&#101&#115&#39 &#98&#114&#101&#119&#115&#8212&#104&#101&#110&#98&#97&#110&#101&#44 nightshade, belladonna, &#97&#110&#100 <H1></H1> &#109&#97&#110&#100&#114&#97&#107&#101&#8212&#103&#114&#101&#97&#116&#108&#121 &#105&#110&#102&#108&#117&#101&#110&#99&#101&#100 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 &#112&#104&#105&#108&#111&#115&#111&#112&#104&#121&#44 medicine, and even history for many years.<br> Some &#112&#108&#97&#121&#101&#100 &#97&#110 &#101&#120&#116&#114&#97&#111&#114&#100&#105&#110&#97&#114&#105&#108&#121 &#118&#105&#116&#97&#108 religious &#114&#111&#108&#101 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 Aryan cultures of &#110&#111&#114&#116&#104&#101&#114&#110 &#73&#110&#100&#105&#97&#46 &#84&#104&#101 &#114&#111&#108&#101 of hallucinogens <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/picking-majic-mushrooms-in-Berlin.htm" title="Picking Majic Mushrooms In Berlin" alt="Picking Majic Mushrooms In Berlin" >Picking Majic Mushrooms In Berlin</a> in the cultural &#97&#110&#100 &#115&#111&#99&#105&#97&#108 &#100&#101&#118&#101&#108&#111&#112&#109&#101&#110&#116 &#111&#102 &#109&#97&#110&#121 areas of the Old &#87&#111&#114&#108&#100 &#105&#115 &#111&#110&#108&#121 &#110&#111&#119 being investigated. At every &#116&#117&#114&#110&#44 &#105&#116&#115 &#101&#120&#116&#101 </p> <br /> </p> <h2> Gymnopilus sp</h2> <p><p align="justify"> Most recreational users of Psilocybe &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115 &#40&#119&#104&#101&#110 &#103&#114&#111&#119&#110 &#105&#110 vitro) require a dosage of &#49 &#116&#111 &#50 &#103&#109 of dried mushrooms &#116&#111 &#112&#114&#111&#100&#117&#99&#101 &#97&#110 &#97&#108&#116&#101&#114&#101&#100 state of consciousness; a clinical &#100&#111&#115&#97&#103&#101 &#102&#111&#114 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115&#44 on the other hand, had previously been reported as ranging from 3 &#116&#111 &#53 &#103&#109 &#111&#102 &#100&#114&#105&#101&#100 &#109&#97&#116&#101&#114&#105&#97&#108&#46 &#84&#104&#105&#115 dosage would be comparable &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 &#97&#109&#111&#117&#110&#116 &#111&#102 fungal material consumed for religious purposes &#105&#110 &#97 &#77&#97&#122&#97&#116&#101&#99 &#73&#110&#100&#105&#97&#110 &#104&#101&#97&#108&#105&#110&#103 and curing &#99&#101&#114&#101&#109&#111&#110&#121&#46 &#73&#110 &#49&#57&#56&#50&#44 &#111&#110&#101 research team "found that the level of &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#110 &#97&#110&#100 &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#105&#110 &#118&#97&#114&#105&#101&#115 &#111&#118&#101&#114 a factor of &#52 &#97&#109&#111&#110&#103 &#118&#97&#114&#105&#111&#117&#115 &#105&#110 &#118&#105&#116&#114&#111 cultures of Psilocybe &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115&#44 &#119&#104&#105&#108&#101 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#109&#101&#110&#115 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#111&#117&#116&#100&#111&#111&#114&#115 varied tenfold." A fresh dosage of Psilocybe cubensis in &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 &#119&#111&#117&#108&#100 &#98&#101 &#97&#112&#112&#114&#111&#120&#105&#109&#97&#116&#101&#108&#121 from 1 to 2 large &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#101&#105&#103&#104&#105&#110&#103 &#117&#112 &#116&#111 as much as one fresh ounce, &#111&#114 &#97&#115 &#109&#97&#110&#121 &#97&#115 from &#50&#53 &#116&#111 &#53&#48 &#115&#109&#97&#108&#108 mushrooms equaling the same weight amount. &#69&#116&#104&#110&#111&#112&#104&#97&#114&#109&#97&#99&#111&#108&#111&#103&#105&#115&#116 &#74&#111&#110&#97&#116&#104&#97&#110 &#79&#116&#116 &#40&#49&#57&#55&#54&#44 1993) noted that he has observed "the ingestion of from 0.5 gm to &#53&#46&#57 &#103&#109 &#100&#114&#105&#101&#100 &#119&#101&#105&#103&#104&#116 (10 gm to 40 &#103&#109 &#102&#114&#101&#115&#104&#41&#34&#44 &#111&#102 &#118&#97&#114&#105&#111&#117&#115 species of Psilocybe. Dosage for Psilocybe subcubensis &#119&#111&#117&#108&#100 &#98&#101 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#97&#109&#101 as for Psilocybe cubensis. Both of &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#108&#97&#116&#116&#101&#114 &#116&#119&#111 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 are macroscopically alike. <u> pictures of west Texas psychedelic mushrooms</u> The usual dosage for Copelandia cyanescens required to &#105&#110&#100&#117&#99&#101 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#101&#100&#101&#108&#105&#99 &#118&#105&#115&#117&#97&#108 &#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115 &#114&#97&#110&#103&#101&#115 from 1 to &#51 &#108&#97&#114&#103&#101 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#109&#101&#110&#115 &#40&#99&#97&#112 diameter c. 5 mm), or as many &#97&#115 &#53 &#116&#111 <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/Psilocybeahtgrowhorse.htm" title="Psilocybeahtgrowhorse" alt="Psilocybeahtgrowhorse" >Psilocybeahtgrowhorse</a> &#108&#48 medium-sized &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#40&#99&#97&#112 &#100&#105&#97&#109&#101&#116&#101&#114 &#99&#46 2.5 mm); &#104&#111&#119&#101&#118&#101&#114&#44 &#112&#101&#114&#115&#111&#110&#97&#108 &#116&#111&#108&#101&#114&#97&#110&#99&#101 &#116&#111 this species &#109&#97&#121 &#111&#99&#99&#117&#114 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#99&#111&#110&#116&#105&#110&#117&#101&#100 use, &#97&#110&#100 &#115&#111&#109&#101 &#119&#104&#111 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#117&#109&#101 large amounts &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#104&#97&#118&#101 reportedly ingested as many as &#53&#48 &#116&#111 &#50&#48&#48 &#102&#114&#101&#115&#104 specimens of various sizes. </p> <div align="right"> , and who gorge themselves on &#111&#117&#114 &#116&#97&#120 &#100&#111&#108&#108&#97&#114&#115&#46&#13&#10&#73 &#109&#101&#116 &#74&#111&#99&#104&#101&#110 Gartz &#115&#104&#111&#114&#116&#108&#121 &#97&#102&#116&#101&#114 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#97&#108&#108 of the Berlin &#87&#97&#108&#108 &#97&#116 &#116&#104&#101 &#116&#104&#105&#114&#100 &#115&#121&#109&#112&#111&#115&#105&#117&#109 of the European College for the Study of Consciousness (ECSC) in Freiburg, Germany. Our encounter was my first &#99&#111&#110&#116&#97&#99&#116 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#97 &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104&#101&#114 from the former East Germany. Jochen <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/magicmushroomgoldcoastpicking.htm" title="Magicmushroomgoldcoastpicking" alt="Magicmushroomgoldcoastpicking" >Magicmushroomgoldcoastpicking</a> Gartz's enthusiastic lecture was &#97 &#116&#114&#117&#108&#121 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115&#101&#120&#112&#97&#110&#100&#105&#110&#103 &#101&#118&#101&#110&#116&#44 his words breaking down &#116&#114&#97&#100&#105&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 &#98&#111&#114&#100&#101&#114&#115 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#99&#114&#111&#115&#115&#105&#110&#103 &#111&#118&#101&#114 into new &#116&#101&#114&#114&#105&#116&#111&#114&#121&#46 &#84&#104&#101 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#115&#112&#111&#107&#101 through him - with no trace of dogma or ideology &#45 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 &#116&#114&#97&#100&#105&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 true anarchy that is the hallmark of mushroom &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99&#46 &#87&#104&#97&#116 &#73 &#104&#101&#97&#114&#100 was unbelievable. Jochen spoke of a "new" psychedelic mushroom and its migration.<br> The mycelia had &#115&#112&#114&#101&#97&#100 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#99&#101&#110&#116&#114&#105&#99 &#99&#105&#114&#99&#108&#101&#115 &#111&#117&#116&#119&#97&#114&#100 &#102&#114&#111&#109 Leipzig, jumping all political borders. Finally, &#119&#104&#101&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#121&#99&#101&#108&#105&#97&#13&#10&#114&#101&#97&#99&#104&#101&#100 &#87&#101&#115&#116 &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110 soil, the hated Berlin Wall crumbled. Could there possibly be a connection between the evolution of the magic mushroom and the evolution &#111&#102 &#111&#117&#114 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115&#63 &#67&#111&#117&#108&#100 a mushroom have contributed to &#116&#104&#101 &#114&#101&#115&#111&#108&#117&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#111&#117&#114 &#112&#111&#108&#105&#116&#105&#99&#97&#108 conflicts? In the past, &#112&#111&#108&#105&#116&#105&#99&#105&#97&#110&#115&#44 &#101&#118&#101&#110 &#112&#111&#112&#101&#115&#44 &#104&#97&#100&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#111&#119&#110 jesters and magicians, who &#102&#117&#110&#99&#116&#105&#111&#110&#101&#100 &#97&#115&#13&#10&#112&#114&#101&#115&#115&#117&#114&#101 &#114&#101&#108&#101&#97&#115&#101 &#118&#97&#108&#118&#101&#115 in the machinations of political power struggles. It &#105&#115 &#111&#98&#118&#105&#111&#117&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#97&#13&#10&#99&#111&#117&#110&#116&#114&#121 whose &#99&#104&#97&#110&#99&#101&#108&#108&#111&#114 &#105&#115 &#98&#101&#105&#110&#103 &#112&#101&#108&#116&#101&#100 with eggs, urgently needs a new breed of magician who are able &#116&#111 &#114&#101&#97&#100&#106&#117&#115&#116 &#114&#101&#97&#108&#105&#116&#121&#46 &#66&#117&#116 &#116&#111&#100&#97&#121&#44 no aspiring magician should &#103&#111 &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#116&#97&#115&#107 without this book as a guide &#102&#111&#114 &#116&#104&#101 &#119&#111&#110&#100&#114&#111&#117&#115 &#106&#111&#117&#114&#110&#101&#121 &#105&#110&#116&#111 the realm of magic mushrooms.<br> Christian Rdtsch Figure 5 - "Anthropomorphic Beings &#69&#110&#103&#97&#103&#101&#100 &#105&#110 &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#68&#97&#110&#99&#101&#34&#13&#10&#49&#48&#44&#48&#48&#48&#45&#121&#101&#97&#114&#45&#111&#108&#100 rock drawing &#105&#110 &#84&#97&#115&#115&#105&#108&#105&#44 &#83&#97&#104&#97&#114&#97 &#40&#65&#108&#103&#101&#114&#105&#97&#41&#13&#10&#67&#72&#65&#80&#84&#69&#82 1 I BELIEVE THE TIME HAS &#67&#79&#77&#69 &#70&#79&#82 &#65 &#67&#79&#77&#80&#82&#69&#72&#69&#78&#83&#73&#86&#69 REVIEW OF NEW FINDINGS &#70&#82&#79&#77 &#84&#72&#69 &#70&#73&#69&#76&#68&#83 &#79&#70 MYCOLOGY, TAXONOMY AND NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY When &#82&#46&#71&#46 &#87&#97&#115&#115&#111&#110&#44 &#82&#46 &#72&#101&#105&#109 and A. Hofmann began their interdisciplinary research program to study the Mexican species of mushrooms &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#117&#115&#97&#103&#101 &#105&#110 Mexican mushroom cults, their efforts culminated in a 1958 landmark report that described the isolation, molecular structure and synthesis of the mushrooms' active ingredients: psilocybin and psilocin.<br> Several years later, <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/magicmushroomsnz.htm" title="Magicmushroomsnz" alt="Magicmushroomsnz" >Magicmushroomsnz</a> &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#115&#117&#98&#115&#116&#97&#110&#99&#101&#115&#13&#10&#119&#101&#114&#101 &#97&#108&#115&#111 &#105&#100&#101&#110&#116&#105&#102&#105&#101&#100 in a species of mushroom in Europe, Psilocybe semilanceata, which became the first in a series of &#110&#101&#119&#108&#121 &#100&#105&#115&#99&#111&#118&#101&#114&#101&#100 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#46 &#83&#105&#110&#99&#101&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101&#110&#44 psychoactive mushrooms from other genera have been &#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116&#101&#100 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#105&#110&#99&#114&#101&#97&#115&#105&#110&#103 &#102&#114&#101&#113&#117&#101&#110&#99&#121&#46&#13&#10&#65&#115 part of my analytical &#119&#111&#114&#107 &#100&#101&#100&#105&#99&#97&#116&#101&#100&#13&#10&#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 &#105&#100&#101&#110&#116&#105&#102&#105&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 of naturally occurring chemicals, I had the good fortune &#116&#111 &#98&#101 &#112&#97&#114&#116 &#111&#102 a research team &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#115&#116&#117&#100&#105&#101&#100 &#97&#108&#107&#97&#108&#111&#105&#100&#115 &#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 in a variety of &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#46 &#78&#111&#119 &#73 &#98&#101&#108&#105&#101&#118&#101 the time has come for a comprehensive &#114&#101&#118&#105&#101&#119 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#110&#101&#119 &#102&#105&#110&#100&#105&#110&#103&#115 &#102&#114&#111&#109 the fields of &#109&#121&#99&#111&#108&#111&#103&#121&#44&#13&#10&#116&#97&#120&#111&#110&#111&#109&#121 &#97&#110&#100 &#110&#97&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108 &#112&#114&#111&#100&#117&#99&#116&#115 chemistry. Wasson and his &#115&#117&#99&#99&#101&#115&#115&#111&#114&#115 &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#97&#108&#114&#101&#97&#100&#121 &#112&#114&#111&#118&#105&#100&#101&#100&#13&#10&#100&#101&#116&#97&#105&#108&#101&#100 accounts pertaining to &#116&#104&#101 &#104&#105&#115&#116&#111&#114&#121 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#115&#116&#117&#100&#121 &#111&#102 the Me </div> More than half of &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97&#39&#115 &#98&#101&#101&#102 &#99&#97&#116&#116&#108&#101 &#99&#97&#110 be &#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#111&#97&#115&#116&#97&#108 areas of Queensland <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/psilocybe-bohemica-stock.htm" title="Psilocybe Bohemica Stock" alt="Psilocybe Bohemica Stock" >Psilocybe Bohemica Stock</a> and New South Wales; and the 20 to 30 inch (500-750mm) rainfall &#98&#101&#108&#116 &#111&#102 &#81&#117&#101&#101&#110&#115&#108&#97&#110&#100&#44 Growing From Print P.Subaeruginosa Spore &#78&#101&#119 South Wales <b> Growing From Print P.Subaeruginosa Spore</b> and Northern Victoria, generally &#112&#114&#111&#118&#105&#100&#101 &#97&#100&#101&#113&#117&#97&#116&#101 &#99&#108&#105&#109&#97&#116&#105&#99 &#101&#110&#118&#105&#114&#111&#110&#109&#101&#110&#116&#115 for the growth of psilocybian mushrooms, especially after heavy rains. It has been &#115&#117&#103&#103&#101&#115&#116&#101&#100 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#34&#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115 was &#105&#110&#116&#114&#111&#100&#117&#99&#101&#100 &#105&#110&#116&#111 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 &#97&#99&#99&#105&#100&#101&#110&#116&#97&#108&#108&#121 by early &#115&#101&#116&#116&#108&#101&#114&#115 &#97&#108&#111&#110&#103 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#108&#105&#118&#101&#115&#116&#111&#99&#107&#46&#34 This same &#115&#112&#111&#114&#101 &#100&#105&#115&#112&#101&#114&#115&#97&#108 &#109&#101&#99&#104&#97&#110&#105&#115&#109 &#97&#108&#115&#111 probably applies &#116&#111 &#67&#111&#112&#101&#108&#97&#110&#100&#105&#97 &#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115&#44 &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#117&#115 subbalteatus and several additional species known to occur in or around the dung of other ruminants. This includes &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97 &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101 non-hallucinogenic &#34&#104&#97&#121&#109&#97&#107&#101&#114&#39&#115&#34 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#105&#110&#97 &#102&#111&#101&#110&#105&#115&#101&#99&#105&#105&#46 While &#99&#97&#116&#116&#108&#101 &#97&#114&#101 &#114&#97&#105&#115&#101&#100 &#105&#110 all Australian &#115&#116&#97&#116&#101&#115&#44 &#97&#115 &#119&#101&#108&#108 &#97&#115 in the central lowlands, recreational &#117&#115&#101&#114&#115 &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#98&#101&#101&#110 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 to export these psychoptic species to various areas in Australia &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#97&#114&#101&#97&#115 &#119&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#101&#121 &#119&#101&#114&#101 collected.<br> In the case &#111&#102 &#78&#101&#119 &#90&#101&#97&#108&#97&#110&#100&#44 &#104&#101&#114&#101&#97&#102&#116&#101&#114 referred to as NZ, cattle are the primary source for Copelandia cyanescens, but the "liberty cap" mushroom Psilocybe semilanceata &#111&#110&#108&#121 &#103&#114&#111&#119&#115 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 manured soil of four-legged ruminants and not &#100&#105&#114&#101&#99&#116&#108&#121 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#109&#97&#110&#117&#114&#101 &#40&#74&#97&#110&#115&#101&#110&#44 Pers. Comm., 1988). The identification section of this guide documents reported locations for more than 1 dozen species of psilocybian mushrooms in Australia and NZ which most likely have been used at one time or another for &#114&#101&#99&#114&#101&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 &#112&#117&#114&#112&#111&#115&#101&#115&#46 &#111&#119&#110&#13&#10&#99&#97&#117&#115&#101 &#111&#102 &#100&#101&#97&#116&#104 &#97&#110&#100 disease, &#98&#108&#111&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#115&#116&#111&#109&#97&#99&#104&#115 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#105&#110&#115&#97&#110&#105&#116&#121&#46 &#66&#101&#108&#105&#101&#102&#115 such &#97&#115 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#115&#117&#114&#118&#105&#118&#101&#100 to the present day. They persist, for example,,, as figures of &#115&#112&#101&#101&#99&#104&#44 &#115 &#117 &#99 h &#97&#115 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#108&#105&#99&#107 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#105&#97&#110&#13&#10&#100&#101&#115&#99&#114&#105&#112&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 a societal &#109&#105&#115&#102&#105&#116 &#97&#115 &#115&#111&#109&#101&#111&#110&#101 &#34&#119&#104&#111&#13&#10&#97&#116&#101 those madness-inducing mushrooms.<br>" But, there is another, very different, magic mushroom legacy as well.<br> Flesh of &#116&#104&#101 &#71&#111&#100&#115 &#102&#111&#114 &#68&#101&#118&#105&#108 Worshippers The &#79&#108&#100 &#87&#111&#114&#108&#100&#46 &#77&#121&#99&#101&#110&#97&#101&#97&#110 &#99&#105&#118&#105&#108&#105&#122&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#13&#10&#98&#101&#103&#97&#110 with a mushroom trip -Mushrooms were an ingredient in the &#97&#109&#98&#114&#111&#115&#105&#97 &#111&#102 &#68&#105&#111&#110&#121&#115&#117&#115&#46&#13&#10&#80&#111&#114&#112&#104&#121&#114&#105&#117&#115&#44 &#116&#104&#101 fourth century Latin poet and contemporary of Emperor &#75&#111&#110&#115&#116&#97&#110&#116&#105&#110&#44 &#107&#110&#101&#119&#13&#10&#116&#104&#97&#116 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 were &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#104&#105&#108&#100&#114&#101&#110 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#103&#111&#100&#115&#46&#13&#10&#87&#72&#79 WAS THE &#70&#73&#82&#83&#84 &#77&#65&#71&#73&#67&#73&#65&#78&#63&#13&#10&#65 &#113&#117&#97&#115&#105&#45&#99&#97&#110&#110&#105&#98&#97&#108&#105&#115&#116&#105&#99 &#114&#105&#116&#117&#97&#108&#44 the act &#111&#102 &#101&#97&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#99&#104&#105&#108&#100&#114&#101&#110 &#111&#102 the gods unlocked one's power to experience the truly divine. But not all mushrooms enable human beings to enter the realm of divine consciousness. This magic power resides in only those fungi known as "fool's mushrooms", which were considered poisonous and believed to be the spawn of &#116&#104&#101 &#68&#101&#118&#105&#108&#13&#10&#116&#104&#114&#111&#117&#103&#104&#111&#117&#116 &#116&#104&#101 &#108&#97&#116&#101 Middle Ages and well into modern times. The New World: &#84&#104&#101 &#65&#122&#116&#101&#99&#115 &#105&#110 &#77&#101&#120&#105&#99&#111&#13&#10&#114&#101&#102&#101&#114&#114&#101&#100 &#116&#111 a number of small, inconspicuous mushrooms as teonartacatl, or "flesh &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#71&#111&#100&#115&#46&#34 &#84&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#115&#97&#99&#114&#101&#100 mushrooms were eaten during the course of rituals intended to contact the &#71&#111&#100&#115 &#105&#110 &#111&#114&#100&#101&#114 <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/Panaeoluscyanescenssmell.htm" title="Panaeoluscyanescenssmell" alt="Panaeoluscyanescenssmell" >Panaeoluscyanescenssmell</a> &#116&#111 &#108&#101&#97&#114&#110 about the world &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#114&#101&#97&#108&#109 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 divine. These magic mushroom rituals thoroughly spooked &#116&#104&#101 &#67&#97&#116&#104&#111&#108&#105&#99&#13&#10&#83&#112&#97&#110&#105&#97&#114&#100&#115&#46 &#84&#104&#101 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 eaters, commonly thought &#111&#102 &#97&#115 &#68&#101&#118&#105&#108 &#119&#111&#114&#115&#104&#105&#112&#112&#101&#114&#115&#44 were hounded by the &#73&#110&#113&#117&#105&#115&#105&#116&#105&#111&#110&#46 &#83&#116&#105&#108&#108&#44 &#97&#108&#108 &#103&#111&#111&#100 things survive the tests of &#116&#105&#109&#101&#44 &#115&#111 &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#117&#108&#116 of magic mushroom eaters &#100&#105&#100 &#110&#111&#116 &#98&#101&#99&#111&#109&#101 &#101&#120&#116&#105&#110&#99&#116&#46 Like mycelia underground, the cult continued to &#102&#108&#111&#117&#114&#105&#115&#104&#44 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#101 &#112&#114&#111&#112&#101&#114 &#116&#105&#109&#101 in &#114&#101&#99&#111&#114&#100&#101&#100 &#104&#105&#115&#116&#111&#114&#121&#44 &#105&#110 &#49&#57&#53&#55&#44&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 fruit of the fully grown &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#114&#101&#45&#115&#117&#114&#102&#97&#99&#101&#100&#13&#10&#116&#111 &#100&#114&#97&#119 &#119&#105&#100&#101&#115&#112&#114&#101&#97&#100 &#112&#117&#98&#108&#105&#99 attention.<br> Valentine and Gordon Wasson became the heroes of the modern neo-mycophilic movement.<br> Back to the Old World: The &#114&#101&#118&#101&#108&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115&#13&#10&#97&#110&#100 &#105&#110&#115&#105&#103&#104&#116&#115 &#103&#97&#105&#110&#101&#100 &#102&#114&#111&#109 the use of psychoactive mushrooms were so magically wonderful, that our &#110&#97&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 &#34&#102&#111&#111&#108&#39&#115 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#34 - which were gene ; considered inedible - &#104&#97&#100 &#116&#111 &#98&#101&#13&#10&#114&#101&#99&#111&#103&#110&#105&#122&#101&#100 &#97&#115 closely related to &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#111&#102 &#77&#101&#120&#105&#99&#111&#44 the &#102&#108&#101&#115&#104 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#65&#122&#116&#101&#99&#13&#10&#71&#111&#100&#115&#46 The souls of magic mushrooms &#105&#110 &#77&#101&#120&#105&#99&#111&#13&#10&#97&#110&#100 &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121 &#97&#114&#101 essentially made from the same substance: &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#110&#46&#13&#10&#74&#111&#99&#104&#101&#110 &#71&#97&#114&#116&#122 &#104&#97&#115 &#109&#97&#100&#101 &#97&#110 extraordinary contribution to the field of mycology by embracing Germany's magic &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#99&#105&#101&#110&#116&#105&#102&#105&#99&#13&#10&#115&#116&#117&#100&#121 and testing of these fungi.<br> &#84&#104&#101 &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104&#13&#10&#101&#102&#102&#111&#114&#116&#115 &#117&#112&#111&#110 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 &#116&#104&#105&#115 book is based require nothing less than a fearless, brave and courageous consciousness, free of prejudice &#97&#110&#100 &#109&#121&#99&#111&#112&#104&#111&#98&#105&#97&#46 &#73&#13&#10&#97&#109 &#99&#111&#110&#118&#105&#110&#99&#101&#100 that a researcher's &#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115&#13&#10&#105&#110&#102&#117&#115&#101&#100 &#98&#121 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#112&#105&#114&#105&#116 of the magic mushroom &#105&#115&#13&#10&#99&#97&#112&#97&#98&#108&#101 &#111&#102 &#102&#97&#114 &#100&#101&#101&#112&#101&#114 &#115&#99&#105&#101&#110&#116&#105&#102&#105&#99 &#105&#110&#115&#105&#103&#104&#116&#115 than we can ever expect from the usual ivory tower academics, isolated from reality <p align="justify"> JOCHEN GARTZ MAGIC MUSHROOMS Around the World A Scientific Journey Across Cultures and Time The Case for Challenging Research and Value Systems * LIS PUBLICATIONS * LOS ANGELES, CA* Figure 1 &#45 &#87&#97&#116&#101&#114 &#67&#111&#108&#111&#114 &#80&#97&#105&#110&#116&#105&#110&#103 of Psilocybe semilanceata (Germany, 1927) TABLE OF CONTENT (With &#65&#99&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#76&#105&#110&#107&#115&#39 &#74&#117&#115&#116 &#67&#108&#105&#99&#107 On A Subject To Go To The Page) "Who Was the First Magician?" - Foreword by Christian Ratsch 7 1. Introduction 9 2. Reflections &#111&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#72&#105&#115&#116&#111&#114&#121 &#97&#110&#100 Scientific &#83&#116&#117&#100&#121 &#111&#102 &#77&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 10 3. The &#67&#117&#114&#114&#101&#110&#116 &#83&#116&#97&#116&#101 &#111&#102 &#75&#110&#111&#119&#108&#101&#100&#103&#101 About European Species 14 3.1 Psilocybe semilanceata: &#84&#104&#101 &#67&#108&#97&#115&#115&#105&#99 &#83&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#65&#109&#111&#110&#103 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 Psychotropic Mushrooms 16 3.<br>2 Psilocybe cyanescens: Potent Mushrooms Growing on Wood Debris 29 3.3 Panaeolus subbalteatus: Mycology and Myths about &#116&#104&#101 &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#117&#115 &#83&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#51&#55&#13&#10&#51&#46&#52 Inocybe aeruginascens: Fast-Spreading New Arrivals 44 3.5 Gymnopilus &#112&#117&#114&#112&#117&#114&#97&#116&#117&#115&#58 &#77&#97&#103&#110&#105&#102&#105&#99&#101&#110&#116 &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#102&#114&#111&#109 South America 51 3.<br>6 Conocybe &#99&#121&#97&#110&#111&#112&#117&#115&#58 &#84&#105&#110&#121 &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#111&#102 Remarkable Potency 55 3.7 Pluteus salicinus: A Little-known &#87&#111&#111&#100&#45&#73&#110&#104&#97&#98&#105&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#83&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#53&#56&#13&#10&#52&#46 &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 Identification: Taxonomic Confusion and the &#80&#111&#116&#101&#110&#116&#105&#97&#108 &#102&#111&#114 &#68&#101&#97&#100&#108&#121 &#77&#105&#115&#116&#97&#107&#101&#115 61 5. &#84&#104&#101 &#66&#108&#117&#105&#110&#103 &#80&#104&#101&#110&#111&#109&#101&#110&#111&#110 &#97&#110&#100 Metol &#84&#101&#115&#116&#105&#110&#103&#58 &#82&#101&#97&#108&#105&#116&#121 &#118&#115&#46 &#87&#105&#115&#104&#102&#117&#108 Thinking &#54&#51&#13&#10&#54&#46 &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#67&#117&#108&#116&#105&#118&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#58 &#67&#108&#97&#115&#115&#105&#99 Findings and New Techniques 66 7. Psychotropic Mushroom Species Around the World 77 7.1 Spotlight on North America and Hawaii 79 7.2 Mycophilia in Central and South &#65&#109&#101&#114&#105&#99&#97 &#56&#50&#13&#10&#55&#46&#51 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97&#39&#115 &#77&#121&#99&#111&#102&#108&#111&#114&#97 Attracts Attention 84 7.4 European Customs and Conventions 87 7.5 Japanese Experimentation 93 7.6 Intoxications and the Oldest Known Mushroom Cult in Africa 95 7.7 Usage in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific Islands 98 8. Some Comments on Effects &#111&#102 &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#116&#104&#101 &#67&#97&#116&#101&#103&#111&#114&#121 Phantastika 102 9.<br> Psychotherapy 108 10. Outlook 114 11. Bibliography 120 Index &#49&#50&#57&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#50 &#45 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 cubensis from Australia Figure 3 &#45 &#87&#97&#116&#101&#114 &#99&#111&#108&#111&#114 &#112&#97&#105&#110&#116&#105&#110&#103 of Panaeolus subbalteatus (Germany, &#49&#57&#50&#55&#41&#46&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#52 &#45 &#70&#114&#101&#115&#104 &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#117&#115 subbalteatus mushrooms.<br> FOREWORD Nobody knows precisely when &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#105&#114&#115&#116 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#101&#109&#101&#114&#103&#101&#100 &#102&#114&#111&#109 the &#115&#104&#97&#100&#111&#119&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#112&#114&#101&#104&#105&#115&#116&#111&#114&#121 &#116&#111 &#101&#110&#116&#101&#114 the &#108&#105&#103&#104&#116 &#111&#102 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115&#46&#13&#10&#78&#111&#98&#111&#100&#121 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#115 when the first magic &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#13&#10&#119&#97&#115 &#101&#97&#116&#101&#110 &#98&#121 &#97 &#104&#117&#109&#97&#110 being. Nobody knows just &#119&#104&#111 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#105&#114&#115&#116 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 mushroom eater was. In seeking answers <H3> black spore dry when found central texas august mushroom gill slender</H3> &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#113&#117&#101&#115&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115&#44 &#119&#101 &#99&#97&#110 only speculate.<br> Mycophobes, however, are quick <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/Copelandia-cyanescens-nz.htm" title="Copelandia Cyanescens Nz" alt="Copelandia Cyanescens Nz" >Copelandia Cyanescens Nz</a> to voice their conviction that only &#97 &#102&#111&#111&#108 &#119&#111&#117&#108&#100 &#98&#101&#13&#10&#114&#101&#99&#107&#108&#101&#115&#115 enough to want to attain &#97 &#104&#105&#103&#104&#101&#114 &#115&#116&#97&#116&#101&#13&#10&#111&#102 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115 &#98&#101&#121&#111&#110&#100 the boundaries of everyday <a href="http://easymushrooms.com/Gymnopilusspwheredoesitgrow.htm" title="Gymnopilusspwheredoesitgrow" alt="Gymnopilusspwheredoesitgrow" >Gymnopilusspwheredoesitgrow</a> reality. &#65&#110&#100 &#111&#110&#108&#121 &#97 &#102&#111&#111&#108 would attempt to &#100&#111 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#98&#121 &#105&#110&#103&#101&#115&#116&#105&#110&#103 those odd little things that mysteriously thrive on decaying, humid soil, rotten wood and malodorous mounds of &#99&#111&#119&#13&#10&#109&#97&#110&#117&#114&#101&#46&#13&#10&#72&#105&#115&#116&#111&#114&#105&#99&#97&#108&#108&#121&#44 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99&#44 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#104&#97&#118&#101&#13&#10&#98&#101&#101&#110 feared and hated` since antiquity: &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#111&#117&#103&#104&#116 &#116&#111 be made from poisons that had dripped from &#115&#101&#114&#112&#101&#110&#116&#115&#39 &#102&#97&#110&#103&#115&#59&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101&#121 &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#105&#100&#101&#114&#101&#100 to be unclean emissions &#111&#102&#13&#10&#101&#118&#105&#108 &#115&#112&#105&#114&#105&#116&#115&#59 &#109&#111&#114&#101&#111&#118&#101&#114&#44 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 were a kn </p> own cause of death and disease, bloated stomachs and insanity. Beliefs such as these have survived to the present day. They persist, for example,,, as figures of speech, s u c h as the slick Austrian description of a societal misfit as someone "who ate those madness-inducing mushrooms." But, there is another, very different, magic mushroom legacy as well. Flesh of the Gods for Devil Worshippers The Old World. Mycenaean civilization began with a mushroom trip -Mushrooms were an ingredient in the ambrosia of Dionysus. Porphyrius, the fourth century Latin poet and contemporary of Emperor Konstantin, knew that magic mushrooms were the children of the gods. WHO WAS THE FIRST MAGICIAN? A quasi-cannibalistic ritual, the act of eating the children of the gods unlocked one's power to experience the truly divine. But not all mushrooms enable human beings to enter the realm of divine consciousness. This magic power resides in only those fungi known as "fool's mushrooms", which were considered poisonous and believed to be the spawn of the Devil throughout the late Middle Ages and well into modern times. The New World: The Aztecs in Mexico referred to a number of small, inconspicuous mushrooms as teonartacatl, or "flesh of the Gods." These sacred mushrooms were eaten during the course of rituals intended to contact the Gods in order to learn about the world and the realm of the divine. These magic mushroom rituals thoroughly spooked the Catholic Spaniards. The mushroom eaters, commonly thought of as Devil worshippers, were hounded by the Inquisition. Still, all good things survive the tests of time, so the cult of magic mushroom eaters did not become extinct. Like mycelia underground, the cult continued to flourish, and at the proper time in recorded history, in 1957, the fruit of the fully grown mushroom re-surfaced to draw widespread public attention. Valentine and Gordon Wasson became the heroes of the modern neo-mycophilic movement. Back to the Old World: The revelations and insights gained from the use of psychoactive mushrooms were so magically wonderful, that our native European "fool's mushrooms" - which were gene ; considered inedible - had to be recognized as closely related to the magic mushrooms of Mexico, the flesh of the Aztec Gods. The souls of magic mushrooms in Mexico and Germany are essentially made from the same substance: psilocybin. Jochen Gartz has made an extraordinary contribution to the field of mycology by embracing Germany's magic mushrooms and the scientific study and testing of these fungi. The research efforts upon which this book is based require nothing less than a fearless, brave and courageous consciousness, free of prejudice and mycophobia. I am convinced that a researcher's consciousness infused by the spirit of the magic mushroom is capable of far deeper scientific insights than we can ever expect from the usual ivory tower academics, isolated from reality</p> <h2> new mexico cow dung mushrooms @ 8/1/2010 2:24:56 AM</h2> <p></p> </div> <div id="sidebar"> <h2> drugs</h2> <p><li><a href="http://easymushrooms.com/Gymnopilusspspore.htm" title="Gymnopilusspspore" alt="Gymnopilusspspore" >Gymnopilusspspore</a></li><li><a href="http://easymushrooms.com/Psilocybesubaeruginosapoison.htm" title="Psilocybesubaeruginosapoison" alt="Psilocybesubaeruginosapoison" >Psilocybesubaeruginosapoison</a></li><li><a href="http://easymushrooms.com/psilocybebohemicastock.htm" title="Psilocybebohemicastock" alt="Psilocybebohemicastock" >Psilocybebohemicastock</a></li><li><a href="http://easymushrooms.com/shrooms-in-east-texas.htm" title="Shrooms In East Texas" alt="Shrooms In East Texas" >Shrooms In East Texas</a></li><li><a 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